Visceral leishmaniasis in the Metropolitan Region of Belo Horizonte, State of Minas Gerais, Brazil

Abstract

In the last few years the number of human cases of American visceral leishmaniasis in the Metropoli

Canine bartonellosis: serological and molecular prevalence in Brazil and evidence of co-infection withBartonella henselaeandBartonella vinsoniisubsp.berkhoffii

“…Endpoint titers were determined as the last dilution at which brightly stained bacteria could be detected on a fluorescence microscope. Exposure to Leishmania chagasi and Rickettsia rickettsii was evaluated by IFA as described [42,45]. The cut-off dilution for seroreactivity was defined at 1:64 for R. rickettsii, and 1:80 for L. chagasi.…”

[No Title Available]

“…Although the disease is endemic in the rural areas of these regions it was not considered to be an urban disease. There are, however, now records of VL in other cities such as Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais (Silva et al 2001) and Araçatuba , São Paulo (Camargo-Neves et al . 2001) The threat of the urbanization of VL in many other regions of Brazil is real.…”

Phlebotomine sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) in the municipality of Várzea Grande: an area of transmission of visceral leishmaniasis in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil

“…Thus, this metaxenic disease has been naturally transmitted in periurban areas due to the emergence and reemergence of its vectors in such areas (Tauil 2006). Recent data have confirmed urbanization of the disease in large urban centers (Silva et al 2001, Bevilacqua et al 2001, Souza et al 2004; add to this the fact that some investigators (Bevilacqua et al 2001) have suggested that socio-economical factors may be one of the determinant factors for VL transmission in Brazil.…”