Visceral Adiposity, Fasting Plasma Insulin, and Blood Pressure in Japanese-Americans

Boyko, Edward J.; Leonetti, Donna L.; Bergstrom, Richard W.; Newell‐Morris, Laura; Fujimoto, Wilfred Y.

doi:10.2337/diacare.18.2.174

Cited by 72 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…13,14,16,17 In 1995, it was reported in the Japanese Americans Community Diabetes Study that the effects of visceral adiposity on blood pressure were of statistical or borderline statistical significance in both second-and third-generation Japanese Americans, but after further adjustment for body mass index, these associations were diminished in the younger generation. 31 In 2003, it was reported in cross-sectional data from the same population that greater visceral adiposity was associated with a higher prevalence of hypertension independent of other measures of total or regional adiposity and fasting plasma insulin. 13 The reason for these different results was described to be partly because of the fact that in the earlier report, participants taking antihypertensive medication or having type 2 diabetes were not included, which by possibly truncating the upper range for blood pressure may have underestimated these relationships.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visceral adiposity, not abdominal subcutaneous fat area, is associated with high blood pressure in Japanese men: the Ohtori study

et al. 2011

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Visceral adiposity is considered to have a key role in cardiometabolic diseases. The purpose of this study is to investigate cross-sectionally the association between intra-abdominal fat area (IAFA) measured by computed tomography (CT) and high blood pressure independent of abdominal subcutaneous fat area (ASFA) and insulin resistance. Study participants included 624 Japanese men not taking oral hypoglycemic medications or insulin. Abdominal, thoracic and thigh fat areas were measured by CT. Total fat area (TFA) was calculated as the sum of abdominal, thoracic and thigh fat area. Total subcutaneous fat area (TSFA) was defined as TFA minus IAFA. Hypertension and high normal blood pressure were defined using the 1999 criteria of the World Health Organization. Multiple-adjusted odds ratios of hypertension for tertiles of IAFA were 2.64 (95% confidence interval, 1.35-5.16) for tertile 2, and 5.08 (2.48-10.39) for tertile 3, compared with tertile 1 after adjusting for age, fasting immunoreactive insulin, diabetes status, ASFA, alcohol consumption, regular physical exercise and smoking habit. IAFA remained significantly associated with hypertension even after adjustment for ASFA, TSFA, TFA, body mass index or waist circumference, and no other measure of regional or total adiposity was associated with the odds of hypertension in models, which included IAFA. Similar results were obtained for the association between IAFA and the prevalence of high normal blood pressure or hypertension. In conclusion, greater visceral adiposity was associated with a higher odds of high blood pressure in Japanese men.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visceral adiposity, not abdominal subcutaneous fat area, is associated with high blood pressure in Japanese men: the Ohtori study

et al. 2011

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“…In addition, previous studies have indicated a relationship between hypertension and visceral fat assessed by abdominal CT and WC, but US was not used in any of those studies (21)(22)(23)(24). Thus, in the present study, we assessed the usefulness of visceral fat assessment by US in outpatients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Relationship between Visceral Fat and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors: The Tanno and Sobetsu Study

et al. 2007

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We assessed the amount of visceral fat using ultrasonography (US) and studied its relationship to cardiovascular disease risk factors, particularly blood pressure. The subjects in the first study were 45 male and 61 female outpatients. We measured the visceral fat area (VFA) of each subject using abdominal CT and waist circumference (WC), and visceral fat distance (VFD) using US. The subjects in the second study were 353 male and 457 female inhabitants of a rural community, for whom VFD and WC were measured. We divided subjects into tertiles based on VFD and WC, and studied the relationship between each group and individual risk factors. In an analysis of outpatient subjects, the correlation coefficient between VFA and VFD was satisfactory: r =0.660 for men and r =0.643 for women. In the analysis of the rural subjects, the high VFD group had a significantly higher odds ratio than the low VFD group in high blood pressure (

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“…This association is also clearly demonstrated in our Japanese-American cohorts from earlier studies. 44,45 It has been postulated that increased plasma FFA levels are associated with insulin resistance. 46,47 By releasing directly into the portal system a greater amount of FFA from enhanced triglyceride breakdown, as a result of greater catecholaminestimulated andaor reduced insulin-inhibited lipolysis, visceral fat may contribute more profoundly to the metabolic abnormalities seen with the insulin resistance syndrome.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low serum testosterone level as a predictor of increased visceral fat in Japanese-American men

et al. 2000

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OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between baseline testosterone levels and changes in visceral adiposity in Japanese-American men. DESIGN: Prospective observational study. SUBJECTS: Second-generation Japanese-American males enrolled in a community-based population study. MEASUREMENTS: At baseline, 110 men received a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and an assessment of body mass index (BMI); visceral adiposity measured as intra-abdominal fat area (IAF) using computed tomography (CT); fasting insulin and C-peptide levels; and total testosterone levels. IAF was re-measured after 7.5 y. Subcutaneous fat areas were also measured by CT in the abdomen, thorax and thigh. The total fat (TF) was calculated as the sum of IAF and total subcutanous fat areas (SCF). RESULTS: After 7.5 y, IAF increased by a mean of 8.0 cm 2 (95% CI: 0.8, 15.3). Baseline total testosterone was signi®cantly correlated with change in IAF (r À0.26, P 0.006), but not to any appreciable degree with change in BMI, TF, or SCF. In a linear regression model with change in IAF as the dependent variable, baseline testosterone was signi®cantly related to this outcome while adjusting for baseline IAF, SCF, BMI, age, diabetes mellitus status (OGTT by the WHO diagnostic criteria) and fasting C-peptide (regression coef®cient for baseline testosterone [nmolal] À107.13, P 0.003). CONCLUSIONS: In this Japanese-American male cohort, lower baseline total testosterone independently predicts an increase in IAF. This would suggest that by predisposing to an increase in visceral adiposity, low levels of testosterone may increase the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

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Visceral Adiposity, Fasting Plasma Insulin, and Blood Pressure in Japanese-Americans

Cited by 72 publications

References 19 publications

Visceral adiposity, not abdominal subcutaneous fat area, is associated with high blood pressure in Japanese men: the Ohtori study

Visceral adiposity, not abdominal subcutaneous fat area, is associated with high blood pressure in Japanese men: the Ohtori study

Relationship between Visceral Fat and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors: The Tanno and Sobetsu Study

Low serum testosterone level as a predictor of increased visceral fat in Japanese-American men

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