Viruses and Virus-Like Particles in Biotechnology: Fundamentals and Applications

Roldão, António; Silva, A.C.; Mellado, Maria Cândida M.; Alves, Paula M.; Carrondo, Manuel J.T.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-809633-8.09046-4

Cited by 21 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 299 publications

(274 reference statements)

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“…Virus-like particles have been widely used for vaccine development in the last decades. Several VLP-based vaccines are commercially available for human use, including Human Papilloma Virus, Hepatitis B virus and, more recently, the first VLP-based malaria vaccine Mosquirix ® has been approved in Europe [ 8 , 11 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 ]. On the other hand, VLPs are being taken into account as potential immunogens for veterinary vaccines [ 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chimeric VLPs Based on HIV-1 Gag and a Fusion Rabies Glycoprotein Induce Specific Antibodies against Rabies and Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus

et al. 2021

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Foot and mouth disease is a livestock acute disease, causing economic losses in affected areas. Currently, control of this disease is performed by mandatory vaccination campaigns using inactivated viral vaccines. In this work, we describe the development of a chimeric VLP-based vaccine candidate for foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV), based on the co-expression of the HIV-1 Gag protein and a novel fusion rabies glycoprotein (RVG), which carries in its N-term the FMDV main antigen: the G-H loop. It is demonstrated by confocal microscopy that both Gag-GFP polyprotein and the G-H loop colocalize at the cell membrane and, that the Gag polyprotein of the HIV virus acts as a scaffold for enveloped VLPs that during the budding process acquires the proteins that are being expressed in the cell membrane. The obtained VLPs were spherical particles of 130 ± 40 nm in diameter (analyzed by TEM, Cryo-TEM and NTA) carrying an envelope membrane that efficiently display the GH-RVG on its surface (analyzed by gold immunolabeling). Immunostainings with a FMDV hyperimmune serum showed that the heterologous antigenic site, genetically fused to RVG, is recognized by specific G-H loop antibodies. Additionally, the cVLPs produced expose the G-H loop to the liquid surrounding (analyzed by specific ELISA). Finally, we confirmed that these FMD cVLPs are able to induce a specific humoral immune response, based on antibodies directed to the G-H loop in experimental animals.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chimeric VLPs Based on HIV-1 Gag and a Fusion Rabies Glycoprotein Induce Specific Antibodies against Rabies and Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus

et al. 2021

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“…VLP assembly may also take place inside the host cell through self-assembly. VLPs are usually produced in bacteria, yeast, or the baculovirus/insect cell system [ 68 ]. Several baculovirus-expressed commercial PCV2 vaccines have been shown to contain a certain percentage of VLPs [ 69 ].…”

Section: Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Future perspectives on swine viral vaccines: where are we headed?

et al. 2021

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Deliberate infection of humans with smallpox, also known as variolation, was a common practice in Asia and dates back to the fifteenth century. The world’s first human vaccination was administered in 1796 by Edward Jenner, a British physician. One of the first pig vaccines, which targeted the bacterium Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae, was introduced in 1883 in France by Louis Pasteur. Since then vaccination has become an essential part of pig production, and viral vaccines in particular are essential tools for pig producers and veterinarians to manage pig herd health. Traditionally, viral vaccines for pigs are either based on attenuated-live virus strains or inactivated viral antigens. With the advent of genomic sequencing and molecular engineering, novel vaccine strategies and tools, including subunit and nucleic acid vaccines, became available and are being increasingly used in pigs. This review aims to summarize recent trends and technologies available for the production and use of vaccines targeting pig viruses.

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“…VLPs are non-infectious, multiprotein complexes that mimic the viral capsid assembly but are devoid of the genome. Their utility as experimental tools and as therapeutic carriers has been thoroughly reviewed elsewhere ( Rohovie et al, 2017 ; Roldão et al, 2017 ). Recombinant versions with attenuated or inactivated antigens can also be reconstructed from complementary DNA of a viral genome.…”

Section: General Structure Of Nucleic Acid Carriers and Mechanism Of mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recombinant versions with attenuated or inactivated antigens can also be reconstructed from complementary DNA of a viral genome. While VLPs are historically produced and extracted from the natural hosts themselves, nowadays they are primarily produced through various cell cultures ( Roldão et al, 2017 ). The use of mammalian and non-mammalian cells, baculoviruses, and bacteria has been reported, but VLPs are commonly expressed in yeast cells due to the relative ease of protein expression, scalability, and lower production cost compared to mammalian and insect cells ( Kim and Kim, 2017 ; Roldão et al, 2017 ).…”

Section: General Structure Of Nucleic Acid Carriers and Mechanism Of mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Like viruses, VLPs have been successfully used in developing vaccines and vaccine adjuvants, and their use in gene therapy and immunotherapy has also been explored ( Rohovie et al, 2017 ; Roldão et al, 2017 ). Some of those that have shown potential for nucleic acid delivery include bacteriophage-based MS2 ( Pan et al, 2012a ; Pan et al, 2012b ), bacteriophage-based M13 ( Yata et al, 2014 ), animal virus-based hepatitis B virus core ( Brandenburg et al, 2005 ), and plant-based cowpea chlorotic mottle virus ( Lam and Steinmetz, 2019 ).…”

Section: General Structure Of Nucleic Acid Carriers and Mechanism Of mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Viral Mimicry as a Design Template for Nucleic Acid Nanocarriers

et al. 2021

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Therapeutic nucleic acids hold immense potential in combating undruggable, gene-based diseases owing to their high programmability and relative ease of synthesis. While the delivery of this class of therapeutics has successfully entered the clinical setting, extrahepatic targeting, endosomal escape efficiency, and subcellular localization. On the other hand, viruses serve as natural carriers of nucleic acids and have acquired a plethora of structures and mechanisms that confer remarkable transfection efficiency. Thus, understanding the structure and mechanism of viruses can guide the design of synthetic nucleic acid vectors. This review revisits relevant structural and mechanistic features of viruses as design considerations for efficient nucleic acid delivery systems. This article explores how viral ligand display and a metastable structure are central to the molecular mechanisms of attachment, entry, and viral genome release. For comparison, accounted for are details on the design and intracellular fate of existing nucleic acid carriers and nanostructures that share similar and essential features to viruses. The review, thus, highlights unifying themes of viruses and nucleic acid delivery systems such as genome protection, target specificity, and controlled release. Sophisticated viral mechanisms that are yet to be exploited in oligonucleotide delivery are also identified as they could further the development of next-generation nonviral nucleic acid vectors.

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Viruses and Virus-Like Particles in Biotechnology: Fundamentals and Applications

Cited by 21 publications

References 299 publications

Chimeric VLPs Based on HIV-1 Gag and a Fusion Rabies Glycoprotein Induce Specific Antibodies against Rabies and Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus

Chimeric VLPs Based on HIV-1 Gag and a Fusion Rabies Glycoprotein Induce Specific Antibodies against Rabies and Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus

Future perspectives on swine viral vaccines: where are we headed?

Viral Mimicry as a Design Template for Nucleic Acid Nanocarriers

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