Viruses 1950. Proceedings of a conference on the similarities and dissimilarities between viruses attacking animals, plants, and bacteria, respectively. Held at the California Institute of Technology, Mar. 20-22, 1950 ...

Delbrück, Max

doi:10.5962/bhl.title.10173

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

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“…which has been shown to be equivalent to a collision efficiency in the neighborhood of 100 per cent for such systems (1,2). Phages T2 and T4, however, exhibited no reaction whatever, until NaC1 or KC1 was added to the medium (5).…”

Section: Measurement Of Velocity Constants For Attachment Of Four Virmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies of such infected cells had failed to demonstrate any appreciable detachment of such virus with the result that the union of bacteriophage and its host cell has come to be regarded as irreversible (1,2). In these earlier studies, however, the attempt to reverse the reaction was carried out in the same medium in' which attachment had In a tube at 37 °, 5 X l0 s T2 virus particles were added to 5 X 109 cells of E. coli B in 1 cc.…”

Section: Temperature Coefftcient Of Virus Attachment Onmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Mechanism of Virus Attachment to Host Cells

Puck

Garen

Cline

1951

Journal of Experimental Medicine

208

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The essential nature of the reaction by which a virus unites with its host cell as the first step of its invasive metabolic cycle has remained obscure, despite several important discoveries in this field. The parasitism of Escherichia coli B by bacteriophage is particularly convenient for investigation of this mechanism, since the precise measurements which this system affords make possible quantitative study of the kinetics of virus-cell interaction. It has been previously demonstrated that the rate of adsorption of the phage particle on the host cell is directly proportional to the concentrations of both virus and bacteria; and that, for certain viruses, at least, the reaction in nutrient broth at 37°C. is so rapid as to make a relatively large proportion of the collisions between the phage and host cell effective in promoting attachment (1, 2). The reaction is highly specific, since mutant forms of susceptible cells can be produced which are immune to a given virus, though still susceptible to attack by the other strains Which parasitize the original host, and also by mutant progeny of the original virus. The T system of E. coli bacteriophages consists of seven different phage types, characterized on the basis of the existence of specific resistant host mutants, and in some cases by diffe~;en~iatin~ morphological and antigenic properties as well (3). The adsorption on bacterial cells of some phages has occasionally been found to be accelerated by various cations, such as Na + (4, 5), although the conditions governing these requirements have rarely been precisely defined. Finally, a few deficient strains of phage have been isolated which cannot attach to host cells unless they have first reacted with an organic cofactor, particularly/-tryptophane (6).In the present study, the rate of adsorption of various bacteriophages of the T system to cells of .E. coli B, and to inorganic substrates, has been quantitatively measured under various conditions. The results of these experiments yield evidence that the initial binding of the virus to the host cell is an electrostatic one, determined by the presence of an appropriate configuration of ionic charges on the two bodies.* This work is part of a study of normal and radiation-induced metabolic processes, which has received support from the Division of Biology and Medicine of the Atomic Energy Commission, administered under contract with the Office of Naval Research. 65

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Section: Measurement Of Velocity Constants For Attachment Of Four Virmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Temperature Coefftcient Of Virus Attachment Onmentioning

confidence: 99%