Virus-specific immunoglobulin G subclasses in herpes simplex and varicella-zoster virus infections

Abstract

The subclass specificities of antiviral immunoglobulin G (IgG) produced in response to herpes simplex and varicella-zoster virus infections were investigated. IgGl and IgG3 with anti-herpes simplex virus activity were seen in patients with primary and reactivated disease, as well as in healthy seropositive subjects and in immunoglobulin preparations. IgG4 was occasionally seen alone or together with IgGl and IgG3 in patients. In varicella, IgG3-specific antiviral antibodies were predominant, whereas in zoster, IgG1 was the dominant subclass.

Symptomatic mumps virus reinfections

“…That fact that specific IgM and IgA, which evolve in a similar way [Bjorvain, 19741, are generally absent [Schluederberg, 1965;Heffner and Schluederberg, 19671 or, on the other hand, can infrequently appear at only borderline values, after a secondary antigenic stimulation [Morris et al, 19851, corroborates what was observed in the presumed reinfected patients. Likewise, a significantly higher IgG liIgG 3 ratio in group 1 is consistent with published data concerning other viruses which show that IgG 3-specific antibodies are predominant during the primary infection, whereas during reactivation or reinfection IgG 1 is the dominant subclass [Linde et al, 1983;Sundqvist et al, 1984;Linde, 19851. The conclusion that patients of group 1 are in fact reinfected ones can also be drawn by considering the results obtained with the nucleocapsid-directed IgG 3, reported to vary just as IgM during the primary and secondary infections [Henle et al, 1948;Linde et al, 19871. The avidity of specific IgG increases with time after immunization and between the primary and secondary infections [Eisen and Siskind, 1964;Steiner and Eisen, 1967;Webster, 19681.…”

Does early EBV infection protect against IgE sensitization?

“…For HSV, CMV, and VZV IgG ELISA with purified nuclear antigens from the respective viruses cultivated in human fetal lung fibroblasts were used. 11,12 The cutoff for seropositivity was an absorbance of >0.2 at a dilution of 1/100. IgG antibodies against influenza A/H1, A/H3, and influenza B were determined with ELISAs by using recombinant influenza antigens.…”

Varicella‐zoster virus antibody avidity and IgG‐subclass patterns in children with recurrent chickenpox

“…Since antibody responses evolve after "normal" chickenpox [Leonard, 1970;Sundqvist et al, 1984;Weigle and Grose, 1984;Asano et al, 1987;Kangro et al, 19911, the patients were divided into two groups according to the interval after the most recent episode of chickenpox. Eleven children were first studied within 8 weeks of a repeat attack of chickenpox (Early Group).…”

“…individuals with a past history of this disease, and with prior documentation of VZV-seroreactivity [Ross et al, 1983;Gershon et al, 1984;Gurevich et al, 1990;Junker et al, 19911. The host immune-virus interactions that could lead to this phenomenon are ill-understood, but have significance for immunocompromised patients and recipients of varicella vaccine in whom clinical reinfection may be more frequent [Ljungman et al, 1986;Gershon et al, 19921. Over time after chickenpox, the normal humoral immune response to VZV matures with respect to patterns of antibody responses to individual virus proteins [Weigle and Grose, 19841, immunoglobulin and IgG isotype selection [Sundqvist et al, 1984;Asano et al, 19871 and IgG antibody affinity [Kangro et al, 19911. A number of studies have documented differences in antibody responses developed following primary disease (chickenpox) compared to reactivation or reinfection [Weigle and Grose, 1984;Sundqvist et al, 1984;Asano et al, 1987;Kangro et al, 19911.…”

“…IgGl peaks later, but is the dominant memory antibody isotype and the source of neutralizing activity [Leonard et al, 19701. After shingles IgG3 reappears, but in proportionately lesser amounts than IgGl [Sundqvist et al, 1984;Asano et al, 19871. Antibody affinity describes the relative strength of interaction between an antibody combining site and antigenic determinant. Avidity, or functional affinity, indicates the overall reaction between a population of antibodies and a complex antigen [Griswold, 19871. During the normal immune response the affinity of antibodies for antigens increases with time.…”