Virus Particles and Murine Leukemia Virus Complement-Fixing Antigen in Neoplastic and Nonneoplastic Cell Lines

Hall, William S.; Andresen, William F.; Sanford, Katherine K.; Evans, Virginia J.; Hartley, Janet W.

doi:10.1126/science.156.3771.85

Cited by 55 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…No plaques appeared when BL-5 cells were used as infective centers in the XC cell assay (27), and immunofluorescence tests with potent rat antisera to MuLV groupspecific antigen have been negative. This is consistent with the report by Hall et al (28) that cell lines derived from two C57BL/KaLw mouse embryo cell pools remained virus-free by electron microscopy and complement fixation after 412 and 598 days, respectively, in vitro. However, the presence of the viral genome in BIL5 cells was demonstrable by "activation" with 300 qg/ml of 5-bromodeoxyuridine (29), to Which the cells were exposed for 24 hr, leading to the production of virus, presumably RadLV, which was detectable by the XC cell assay.…”

supporting

confidence: 93%

Continuous Propagation of Radiation Leukemia Virus on a C57BL Mouse-Embryo Fibroblast Line, with Attenuation of Leukemogenic Activity

Lieberman

Niwa

Declève

et al. 1973

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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The radiation leukemia virus (RadLV), a murine leukemia virus derived from thymic lymphomas induced by x-irradiation in strain C57BL/Ka mice, has been successfully propagated in sustained high titer in vitro in a newly established line, BL-5, of C57BL/Ka mouse-embryo fibroblasts. In addition, the production of endogenous virus, presumed to be RadLV, has been induced and sustained through multiple serial passages after treatment of BL-5 cell cultures with 5-bromodeoxyuridine. The chronically RadLV-infected subline, designated BL-5 (RadLV), sheds virus into the supernatant culture fluids that is biologically active in vitro in the XC cell plaque assay, in interference assays for focus-formation by murine sarcoma virus, and in the intracellular induction of group-specific antigens detectable by immunofluorescence, but is apparently devoid of leukemogenic activity after intrathymic inoculation into neonatal or immunosuppressed C57BL/Ka mice. Although BL-5 cells exhibited morphological alterations suggestive of transformation in vitro and gave rise to fibrosarcomatous ascites tumors after intraperitoneal inoculation with C57BL/Ka mice, the chronically infected BL-5(RadLV) cells remained normal in morphology and failed to yield fibrosarcomas in vivo .

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supporting

confidence: 93%

Continuous Propagation of Radiation Leukemia Virus on a C57BL Mouse-Embryo Fibroblast Line, with Attenuation of Leukemogenic Activity

Lieberman

Niwa

Declève

et al. 1973

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…Two weeks later the culture fluid from these cells was tested for particulate DNA polymerase activity. The (28,30), and contamination with an exogenous B-tropic oncornavirus appears unlikely. Analysis of VMPTH12 subclones showed they continued to segregate mouse chromosomes, and some appeared to segregate the ability to express virus.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oncornavirus Expression in Human × Mouse Hybrid Cells Segregating Mouse Chromosomes

Minna

Gazdar

Iverson

et al. 1974

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Human X mouse hybrid clones obtained by fusing transformed human (VA2) cells with embryonic mouse brain cells were tested for their ability to spontaneously express type C virus particles. It had been previously shown that these hybrid cells preferentially retained human chromosomes while mouse chromosomes were lost. The culture fluid from one cell line was found to contain type C particle markers in abundance, and typical budding C particles were observed in the cells by electron microscopy. In contrast, no particle markers were detected in the culture fluid from parental cells and several other hybrid cell lines. Subelones of the virus-positive cell line continued to lose mouse chromosomes and were found to vary more than 100-fold in their culture fluid DNA polymerase activity. The hybrid cell viruses, termed HMV1, banded in a sucrose gradient between 1.14 and 1.16 g/ml, possessed viral group-specific antigens, and exhibited Btropic host range for replication in mouse embryo cells, but did not replicate in human cells when directly applied. The virus did not transform mouse cells but was able to rescue the defective murine sarcoma virus from sarcomapositive, helper-virus-negative cells. Activity of the DNA polymerase associated with HMV1 was similar to the activity of Rauscher murine leukemia virus (MuLV) DNA polymerase in its preference for poly(rA) over poly(dA) as a template, use of endogenous template, detergent requirement, and inhibition by antiserum directed against MuLV. DNA polymerase. The results suggest that human X mouse hybrid cells segregating mouse chromosomes can spontaneously express endogenous type C viruses and that such hybrid cell lines may be used for the isolation of latent mammalian oncornaviruses and analysis of viral gene regulation.

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“…In addition, many laboratory strains are '' NB-tropic " viruses; these replicate well in both cell types (Hartley et al, 1970). Reports from several laboratories have now defined an additional host-range class of murine type-C viruses whose replication in mouse cells is restricted.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

S‐tropic murine type‐C viruses: Frequency of isolation from continuous cell lines, leukemia virus preparations and normal spleens

Lieber¹,

Sherr²,

Todaro³

1974

Intl Journal of Cancer

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A survey was undertaken to determine the prevalence of S‐tropic (xenotropic) murine type‐C viruses in continuous cell lines, leukemia virus preparations, and spleens of normal mice from various commonly used strains. Fifteen of 18 cell lines established from normal cells and transplantable tumors produced infectious type‐C viruses. For all cell lines examined, the viral isolates were either N‐, B‐, or NB‐tropic, while S‐tropic viruses were not detected. Two cell lines derived from normal tissues, however, had S‐tropic viruses which could be induced by treatment with 5‐bromodeoxyurdine, whereas cell lines derived from transplantable tumors were non‐inducible. Nine standard leukemia virus preparations likewise do not contain S‐tropic viruses. In contrast, S‐tropic viruses were recovered from spleens of normal weanling mice from six of 13 strains, indicating that the expression of S‐tropic virus is relatively common in disease‐free animals. The failure to find S‐tropic viruses in known preparations of leukemogenic murine type‐C viruses and their presence in tissues from normal animals suggest that S‐tropic viruses may play a normal physiologic role in mice.

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Virus Particles and Murine Leukemia Virus Complement-Fixing Antigen in Neoplastic and Nonneoplastic Cell Lines

Cited by 55 publications

References 8 publications

Continuous Propagation of Radiation Leukemia Virus on a C57BL Mouse-Embryo Fibroblast Line, with Attenuation of Leukemogenic Activity

Continuous Propagation of Radiation Leukemia Virus on a C57BL Mouse-Embryo Fibroblast Line, with Attenuation of Leukemogenic Activity

Oncornavirus Expression in Human × Mouse Hybrid Cells Segregating Mouse Chromosomes

S‐tropic murine type‐C viruses: Frequency of isolation from continuous cell lines, leukemia virus preparations and normal spleens

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