Virus neutralization assays used in exotic bird medicine

Phalen, David N.

doi:10.1053/saep.2002.28237

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…ELISA is frequently chosen for conducting sero‐epidemiological surveys and is considered as a sensitive and rapid diagnostic tool; however, the commercial kits validated for poultry could yield false positives when applied to non‐poultry hosts (Karesh et al., 1999; Nunes et al., 2012; Parsons et al., 2016; Smith et al., 2008; Travis et al., 2006b; Uhart et al., 2020). The virus neutralization test is recognized as a very sensitive and very specific serological test and has the advantage of being possibly used with the sera of any species (Phalen, 2002). VNT can also differentiate antibodies from exposure to IBDV serotype 1 or 2.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infectious bursal disease virus in free‐living wild birds: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of its sero‐viroprevalence on a global scale

Graziosi

Catelli

Fanelli

et al. 2021

Transbounding Emerging Dis

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Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) is an economically important pathogen for poultry, whereas knowledge of its occurrence in non-poultry hosts is limited. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to summarize the up-to-date knowledge about the sero-viroprevalence of IBDV in wild birds on a global scale. A computerized literature research was performed on PubMed, Scopus, CAB Direct and Web of Science to find relevant publications, along with the screening of reference lists. Journal articles, book chapters, scientific correspondences, conference proceedings and short communications on IBDV virological and/or serological surveys in free-living wild birds published between 1970 and 2021 were considered as eligible. Among 184 studies found, 36 original contributions met the pre-established criteria. A random-effect model was applied to calculate pooled seroprevalence estimates with 95% confidence intervals, whereas the paucity of virological studies (n = 6) only allowed a qualitative description of the data. The pooled seroprevalence was estimated to be 6% (95% CI: 3%-9%) and a high heterogeneity was detected (I 2 = 96%). Sub-group analyses were not performed due to the scarcity of available information about hypothetical moderators. With respect to virological studies, IBDV was detected in Anseriformes, Columbiformes, Galliformes, Passeriformes and Pelecaniformes and different strains related to poultry infection were isolated.Our estimates of serological data showed a moderate exposure of wild birds to IBDV.The susceptibility of different species to IBDV infection underlines their potential role in its epidemiology at least as carriers or spreaders. Indeed, the isolation of IBDV in healthy wild birds with a migratory attitude might contribute to a long-distance spread of the virus and to strain diversity. While a wild reservoir host could not be clearly identified, we believe our work provides useful insights for conducting future surveys which are needed to broaden our knowledge of IBDV occurrence in wild birds.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infectious bursal disease virus in free‐living wild birds: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of its sero‐viroprevalence on a global scale

Graziosi

Catelli

Fanelli

et al. 2021

Transbounding Emerging Dis

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“…Papillomatosis has been associated with both a papillomavirus (from the Papovaviridae family) and a herpesvirus (Phalen 2002). However, no one virus has been consistently isolated in association with the condition.…”

Section: Papillomatosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nonetheless, the presence of polyomaviral antigens in the faeces denotes an actively shedding bird. This is not the case if virus neutralising antibodies are used from a serum sample, as antibodies may remain in the circulation of an infected or exposed psittacine bird for years or even for life (Phalen 2002) and therefore give no indication of the infection status of a particular bird.…”

Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis and management of viral diseases in psittacine birds

Girling¹

2003

In Practice

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AVIAN species are susceptible to a wide range of viral diseases. With the increasing trade in psittacine species worldwide, more and more of these viruses are making their way to the shores of the UK. Practitioners are therefore more likely to be confronted with new avian viruses, a worrying thought considering the recent outbreak in the USA of West Nile virus, the main host of which is avian species. This article describes the viruses that may be encountered in birds in practice and highlights the species commonly affected. In each case, it outlines the clinical signs produced, and discusses how the virus spreads and how it might be diagnosed. It suggests control measures and, where available, methods of treatment which may be instituted in the event of an outbreak. The viruses are considered in order of decreasing incidence.

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Laboratory Diagnostics for Birds

Raidal

2020

Exotic Animal Laboratory Diagnosis

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Virus neutralization assays used in exotic bird medicine

Cited by 4 publications

References 8 publications

Infectious bursal disease virus in free‐living wild birds: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of its sero‐viroprevalence on a global scale

Infectious bursal disease virus in free‐living wild birds: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of its sero‐viroprevalence on a global scale

Diagnosis and management of viral diseases in psittacine birds

Laboratory Diagnostics for Birds

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