Virus isolated from the brain of a patient with multiple sclerosis

Gudnadóttir, Margrét; Helgadóttir, Helga; Bjarnason, O; Jónsdóttir, Kristín

doi:10.1016/0014-4886(64)90008-1

Cited by 68 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The human equivalent of a visna virus has been much more difficult to isolate. A number of viruses have been implicated such as herpes simplex (40), coronavirus (41,42), measles (43,44), and Theiler's virus (45,46). More recently, the human lymphotropic viruses (HLTV-I and HLTV-H) (47)(48)(49) and immunodeficiency virus (HIV) associated with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) (37,50,51) have become the latest in a long line of potential MS-causing candidates.…”

Section: Neuroimmunologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Central nervous system myelin: structure, function, and pathology

Deber

Reynolds

1991

Clinical Biochemistry

106

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Multiple sclerosis (MS) and a number of related distinctive diseases are characterized by the active degradation of central nervous system (CNS) myelin, an axonal sheath comprised essentially of proteins and lipids. These demyelinating diseases appear to arise from complex interactions of genetic, immunological, infective, and biochemical mechanisms. While circumstances of MS etiology remain hypothetical, one persistent theme involves recognition by the immune system of myelin-specific antigens derived from myelin basic protein (MBP), the most abundant extrinsic myelin membrane protein, and/or another equally susceptible myelin protein or lipid component. Knowledge of the biochemical and physical-chemical properties of myelin proteins and lipids, particularly their composition, organization, structure, and accessibility with respect to the compacted myelin multilayers, thus becomes central to the understanding of how and why these antigens become selected during the development of MS. This review focuses on current understanding of the molecular basis underlying demyelinating disease as it may relate to the impact of the various protein and lipid components on myelin morphology; the precise molecular architecture of this membrane as dictated by protein-lipid and lipid-lipid interactions; and the relationship, if any, between the protein/lipid components and the destruction of myelin in pathological situations.

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Section: Neuroimmunologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Central nervous system myelin: structure, function, and pathology

Deber

Reynolds

1991

Clinical Biochemistry

106

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“…HSV can induce multifocal demyelination in mice determined by preservation of axons and an inflammatory infiltrate (10). HSV is isolated from the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) during the first MS attack (11) and in patients with MS (12). Previous investigations showed that genome of HSV presents in the CSF of 4.7% to 46% of the patients with MS (13,14).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Herpes Simplex Virus Infection in Patients With Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis: A Case-Control Study in the North of Iran

Najafi

Ghane

Poortahmasebi

et al. 2016

Arch Clin Infect Dis

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Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a debilitating autoimmune and inflammatory disease of the central nervous system associated with both infectious and non-infectious underlying factors. Many recent studies suggest that infection with herpesviruses has a contributing role in the pathogenesis of MS. Objectives: The current case-control study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of herpes simplex virus (HSV) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of patients with MS compared to those of the healthy controls.

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“…Nevertheless, the same laboratory later reported further isolates of similar agents (Bychkova, 1964) (Table 7.4). The isolation of a herpes simplex virus from brain tissue of a patient was reported from Iceland (Gudnadottir et al, 1964), but this isolate was subsequently characterized as a type 2 herpes simplex virus, a virus known to reactivate intermittently in the nervous system, causing recurrent meningitis.…”

Section: Virus Isolationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infections and multiple sclerosis

Venkatesan

Johnson

2014

Handbook of Clinical Neurology

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Multiple sclerosis is a chronic inflammatory condition of unknown cause. Increasing evidence suggests that the disease develops as a result of interactions between the environment and the immune system in genetically susceptible individuals. It has long been recognized that infections may serve as environmental triggers for the disease, and a large number of pathogens have been proposed to be associated with multiple sclerosis. Here, we detail the historical basis linking infections to multiple sclerosis and review the epidemiology of the disease, which suggests a possible relationship with infectious agents. We also describe pathophysiologic studies in animals and other human demyelinating diseases that have demonstrated a variety of mechanisms by which infectious agents may induce chronic, relapsing central nervous system disease with myelin damage and relative preservation of axons, similar to multiple sclerosis. In addition, we discuss recent studies in individuals with multiple sclerosis indicating enhanced immune responses to infectious antigens, though not consistently demonstrating evidence for ongoing infection. Taken together, these studies suggest a role for infectious agents in the development of multiple sclerosis. Conclusive evidence, however, remains lacking.

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Virus isolated from the brain of a patient with multiple sclerosis

Cited by 68 publications

References 2 publications

Central nervous system myelin: structure, function, and pathology

Central nervous system myelin: structure, function, and pathology

Prevalence of Herpes Simplex Virus Infection in Patients With Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis: A Case-Control Study in the North of Iran

Infections and multiple sclerosis

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