Virus infections of horses at Newmarket, 1972 and 1973

Ma, Ruijuan; Hopes, R.; Rossdale, PD; Beveridge, WI

doi:10.1136/vr.95.21.484

Cited by 27 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…Although viruses are commonly-reported causes of lower respiratory disease in horses (Powell et al 1974a,b;Rose et al 1974;Sugiura et al 1988a;Carman et al 1997;Mumford et al 1998), coughing was not found to be associated with seroconversion to EHV-1 and -4, ERhV-1 and -2 or equine adenovirus in the current study. The absence of antibodies to equine influenza virus was expected, as this virus is considered to be exotic to Australia, where influenza vaccines are not used.…”

Section: Ta B L E 3: Multivariable Conditional Logistic Regression Mocontrasting

confidence: 57%

A case‐control study of respiratory disease in Thoroughbred racehorses in Sydney, Australia

Christley

Hodgson

Rose

et al. 2001

Equine Veterinary Journal

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Summary In order to investigate the role of infectious agents in the aetiology of lower respiratory tract disease in Thoroughbred racehorses, a matched case‐control study was conducted. Cases were identified by the presence of coughing, and were compared to a control population matched on time of sample collection and location within the same training establishment. Tracheal wash samples were collected from 100 cases and 148 controls. Case horses were more likely than controls to have endoscopic and cytological evidence of airway inflammation. There was no significant association between serological evidence of infection by commonly implicated respiratory viruses and coughing. Similarly, mycoplasma were rarely isolated and were not associated with disease. In contrast, there was a strong association between isolation of greater than a total of 103 colony‐forming units/ml of tracheal wash and coughing. Individual bacterial species associated with disease included Streptococcus zooepidemicus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus suis, Streptococcus sanguis, Pasteurella spp and Bordetella bronchiseptica. This study provides evidence of the role of bacterial infection in the aetiology of lower respiratory tract inflammation in racehorses. However, in 58% of cases, few or no bacteria were isolated. Hence, at the time of identification of disease, there was no evidence of viral, bacterial or mycoplasmal infection in the majority of coughing horses. The aetiology of the signs observed in these horses requires further investigation.

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Section: Ta B L E 3: Multivariable Conditional Logistic Regression Mocontrasting

confidence: 57%

A case‐control study of respiratory disease in Thoroughbred racehorses in Sydney, Australia

Christley

Hodgson

Rose

et al. 2001

Equine Veterinary Journal

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“…The assay is specific for EHV-2 and no crossneutralization has been reported between EHV-2 and EHV-1, EHV-4 or EHV-3 (Agius & Studdert, 1994). All the animals showed evidence of previous natural EHV-2 infection thereby confirming previous serological surveys which suggested that approximately 100 % of older horses carry antibodies to EHV-2 (Bagust et al, 1972 ;Rose et al, 1974 ;Agius & Studdert, 1994).…”

supporting

confidence: 77%

Detection and distribution of equine herpesvirus 2 DNA in the central and peripheral nervous systems of ponies.

Rizvi

Slater

Wolfinger

et al. 1997

Journal of General Virology

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The distribution of equine herpesvirus 2 (EHV-2) DNA within neurological and lymphoid tissues from 12 EHV-2 seropositive Welsh mountain ponies was determined by PCR. The lymphoid sites sampled in this study were almost universally PCR positive, thus confirming the existing virus co-cultivation data which suggest that the lymph nodes draining the respiratory tract are the main reservoirs of EHV-2 DNA. In addition, EHV-2 DNA was also detected, albeit with lower frequency, within both the peripheral and central nervous systems (PNS and CNS) of these animals. Of the CNS sites sampled 11 % were PCR-positive and in the PNS the trigeminal ganglion proved PCR-positive in 50 % of the animals tested. Since the nasal epithelium is innervated by the maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve, these observations suggest that the trigeminal ganglion may represent a biologically important site for EHV-2 latency.

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“…During the viraemic phase of 4 or 5 days (Plummer and Kerry 1962) horses can develop pyrexia (subfebrile to febrile), inappetance, a serous to mucous nasal discharge and enlarged submandibular lymph nodes (Burrows 1968;Becker et al 1974;Hofer et al 1978). Occasional coughing (Rose et al 1974), acute febrile pharyngo-laryngitis (Hofer et al 1978) or, occasionally, a mild bronchitis (Gerber 1994) have been reported in cases of equine rhinovirus infection. Subclinical infection also occurs (Plummer and Kerry 1962;Burrows 1969;Moraillon et al 1973;Hofer et al 1978;Mumford and Thomson 1978;Powell et al 1978;Fukunaga et al 1983;McCollum and Timoney 1991).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Field case study of equine rhinovirus 1 infection: clinical signs and clinicopathology

Klaey¹,

Sanchez-Higgins²,

Leadon³

et al. 1998

Equine Veterinary Journal

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Virus infections of horses at Newmarket, 1972 and 1973

Cited by 27 publications

References 0 publications

A case‐control study of respiratory disease in Thoroughbred racehorses in Sydney, Australia

A case‐control study of respiratory disease in Thoroughbred racehorses in Sydney, Australia

Detection and distribution of equine herpesvirus 2 DNA in the central and peripheral nervous systems of ponies.

Field case study of equine rhinovirus 1 infection: clinical signs and clinicopathology

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