Virus-Induced LeSPL-CNR Silencing Inhibits Fruit Ripening in Tomato

Lai, Tongfei; Wang, Ying; Zhou, Ting; Mei, Fengling; Zhang, Pengcheng; Zhou, Yingying; Shi, Nongnong; Hong, Yiguo

doi:10.5539/jas.v7n7p184

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Reversion of fruit ripening was illustrated by the development of red color on the treated Cnr tomato. It is noteworthy that color alterations represent a valid indicator of ripening, consistent with changes in tomato physical, physiological, agrochemical, biochemical, and molecular characteristics, as described in our previous VIGS studies (Manning et al, 2006;Lin et al, 2008;Zhou et al, 2012;Kong et al, 2013;Chen et al, 2015aChen et al, , 2015bChen et al, , 2018aLai et al, 2015;Lai et al, 2020).…”

Section: Silencing Of Slmet1 Induces Vp In Cnr Fruitssupporting

confidence: 85%

METHYLTRANSFERASE1 and Ripening Modulate Vivipary during Tomato Fruit Development

et al. 2020

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Vivipary, wherein seeds germinate prior to dispersal while still associated with the maternal plant, is an adaptation to extreme environments. It is normally inhibited by the establishment of dormancy. The genetic framework of vivipary has been well studied; however, the role of epigenetics in vivipary remains unknown. Here, we report that silencing of METHYLTRANSFERASE1 (SlMET1) promoted precocious seed germination and seedling growth within the tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) epimutant Colorless non-ripening (Cnr) fruits. This was associated with decreases in abscisic acid concentration and levels of mRNA encoding 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid-dioxygenase (SlNCED), which is involved in abscisic acid biosynthesis. Differentially methylated regions were identified in promoters of differentially expressed genes, including SlNCED. SlNCED knockdown also induced viviparous seedling growth in Cnr fruits. Strikingly, Cnr ripening reversion suppressed vivipary. Moreover, neither SlMET1/SlNCED-virus-induced gene silencing nor transgenic SlMET1-RNA interference produced vivipary in wildtype tomatoes; the latter affected leaf architecture, arrested flowering, and repressed seed development. Thus, a dual pathway in ripening and SlMET1-mediated epigenetics coordinates the blockage of seed vivipary.

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Section: Silencing Of Slmet1 Induces Vp In Cnr Fruitssupporting

confidence: 85%

METHYLTRANSFERASE1 and Ripening Modulate Vivipary during Tomato Fruit Development

et al. 2020

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“…These indicated that SlSPL-CNR is a key transcription factor and plays a critical role in tomato fruit ripening. Virus-induced SlSPL-CNR silencing showed inhibitory effects on fruit ripening in tomatoes [24]. Gao et al (2019) found that the CNR CRISPR lines only showed a delayed ripening phenotype and were different from the strong nonripening phenotypes of Cnr natural mutants [25].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proteomic Changes in Response to Colorless nonripening Mutation during Tomato Fruit Ripening

Zhou

et al. 2022

Plants

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SlSPL-CNR is a multifunctional transcription factor gene that plays important roles in regulating tomato fruit ripening. However, the molecular basis of SlSPL-CNR in the regulatory networks is not exactly clear. In the present study, the biochemical characteristics and expression levels of genes involved in ethylene biosynthesis in colorless nonripening (Cnr) natural mutant were determined. The proteomic changes during the ripening stage were also uncovered by isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ)–based quantitative proteomic analysis. Results indicated that both the lycopene content and soluble solid content (SSC) in Cnr fruit were lower than those in wild-type AC fruit. Meanwhile, pH, flavonoid content, and chlorophyll content were higher in Cnr fruit. Expressions of genes involved in ethylene biosynthesis were also downregulated or delayed in Cnr fruit. Furthermore, 1024 and 1234 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were respectively identified for the breaker and 10 days postbreaker stages. Among them, a total of 512 proteins were differentially expressed at both stages. In addition, the functions of DEPs were classified by Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis. Results would lay the groundwork for wider explorations of the regulatory mechanism of SlSPL-CNR on tomato fruit ripening.

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“…Total RNA extraction and first-strand cDNA synthesis of samples (AC fruit at 30 DPA, AC fruit at 5DPB, the red zone and green zone of AC fruit injected with PVX/mLeHB-1 at 5 DPB) were described as above. Expression of genes involved in ripening-associated TFs, ethylene biosynthesis, and carotenoid and flavonoid biosynthesis was determined by qRT-PCR using specific primer pairs as described by Lai et al (2015), Pandey et al (2015), and Su et al (2015). The sequence of all primer pairs for qRT-PCR analysis is shown in Table 1.…”

Section: Namementioning

confidence: 99%

Potato Virus X-induced LeHB-1 Silencing Delays Tomato Fruit Ripening

Wang¹,

Ye²,

Kang³

et al. 2018

J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci.

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Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) fruit ripening is a complex genetic trait correlating with notable fruit phenotypic, physiologic, and biochemical changes. Transcription factors (TFs) play crucial roles during this process. LeHB-1, an HD-zip homeobox protein, is a ripening-related TF and acts as an important regulator of fruit ripening. However, the detailed biochemical and molecular basis of LeHB-1 on tomato fruit ripening is unclear. In the current study, the biologic functions of LeHB-1 were determined by a potato virus X (PVX)-mediated gene-silencing approach. The results indicate that PVX-induced LeHB-1 silencing in tomato could decrease pigment accumulation and delay fruit ripening. Compared with controls, nonripening flesh retains a greater pH value and a lesser anthocyanin content. By evaluating expression levels of genes related to tomato fruit ripening, we inferred that LeHB-1 located at the downstream of LeMADS-RIN-mediated regulatory network. In addition, LeHB-1 silencing mainly disturbed phytoene desaturation and isomerization, and led to a decrease in trans-lycopene accumulation, but did not influence flavonoid biosynthesis directly in tomato fruit. The findings provide a theoretical foundation for illustrating the biologic functions of LeHB-1 in tomato fruit ripening and quality.

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Virus-Induced LeSPL-CNR Silencing Inhibits Fruit Ripening in Tomato

Cited by 3 publications

References 44 publications

METHYLTRANSFERASE1 and Ripening Modulate Vivipary during Tomato Fruit Development

METHYLTRANSFERASE1 and Ripening Modulate Vivipary during Tomato Fruit Development

Proteomic Changes in Response to Colorless nonripening Mutation during Tomato Fruit Ripening

Potato Virus X-induced LeHB-1 Silencing Delays Tomato Fruit Ripening

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