Virulent Hessian Fly (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) Larvae Induce a Nutritive Tissue During Compatible Interactions with Wheat

Harris, M. O.; Freeman, Thomas; Rohfritsch, Odette; Anderson, Karin G.; Payne, Scott; Moore, Jean‐Sébastien

doi:10.1603/0013-8746(2006)099[0305:vhfdcl]2.0.co;2

Cited by 126 publications

(135 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Initially, virulent and avirulent larvae exhibit identical behaviors during the 12 h following egg hatch (Table II) as they migrate to the base of the plant searching for a permanent feeding site. During the migration, larvae exhibit searching behavior (Table II), puncture leaf sheath epidermal cells with their minute mandibles (0.5 mm long 3 0.1 mm diameter; Harris et al, 2006), and apply salivary secretions containing elicitors of plant responses. However, the plant responses diverge within about 6 h, with an induction of the first stages of susceptibility.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the plant responses diverge within about 6 h, with an induction of the first stages of susceptibility. During day 1 of compatible interactions, cell walls at the attack site of susceptible plants begin to thin and develop 4-to 10-mm ruptures (Harris et al, 2006) through which cellular contents flow. Virulent larvae rapidly became sessile and fed on the contents of these lysing cells (Table II; Harris et al, 2006) days before the nutritive tissue that will sustain larval development becomes well established.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Williams, unpublished data) increased in susceptible plants. These changes in wheat mRNA levels occur at the same time that physical changes in leaf sheath epidermal cells become evident in susceptible plants, resulting in the formation of nutritive tissue (Harris et al, 2006). This tissue provides the virulent larvae with a diet rich in soluble proteins and sugars that sustain their growth and development until pupation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Instead, the larvae induce the formation of nutritive tissue in the region of their feeding sites. This modified tissue resembles the internal surface of a gall and provides a diet rich in soluble proteins and sugars for larval consumption (Harris et al, 2006).…”

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Functional Characterization of HFR1, a High-MannoseN-Glycan-Specific Wheat Lectin Induced by Hessian Fly Larvae

et al. 2008

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We previously cloned and characterized a novel jacalin-like lectin gene from wheat (Triticum aestivum) plants that responds to infestation by Hessian fly (Mayetiola destructor) larvae, a major dipteran pest of this crop. The infested resistant plants accumulated higher levels of Hfr-1 (for Hessian fly-responsive gene 1) transcripts compared with uninfested or susceptible plants. Here, we characterize the soluble and active recombinant His 6 -HFR1 protein isolated from Escherichia coli. Functional characterization of the protein using hemagglutination assays revealed lectin activity. Glycan microarray-binding assays indicated strong affinity of His 6 -HFR1 to Mana1-6(Mana1-3)Man trisaccharide structures. Resistant wheat plants accumulated high levels of HFR1 at the larval feeding sites, as revealed by immunodetection, but the avirulent larvae were deterred from feeding and consumed only small amounts of the lectin. Behavioral studies revealed that avirulent Hessian fly larvae on resistant plants exhibited prolonged searching and writhing behaviors as they unsuccessfully attempted to establish feeding sites. During His 6 -HFR1 feeding bioassays, Drosophila melanogaster larvae experienced significant delays in growth and pupation, while percentage mortality increased with progressively higher concentrations of His 6 -HFR1 in the diet. Thus, HFR1 is an antinutrient to dipteran larvae and may play a significant role in deterring Hessian fly larvae from feeding on resistant wheat plants.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Functional Characterization of HFR1, a High-MannoseN-Glycan-Specific Wheat Lectin Induced by Hessian Fly Larvae

et al. 2008

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“…An increase in levels of transcripts and, in some cases, encoded proteins of many defense-related genes such as those encoding digestive enzyme inhibitors (Wu et al, 2008), lectins (Williams et al, 2002;Subramanyam et al, 2006Subramanyam et al, , 2008Giovanini et al, 2007), and enzymes for the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites (Liu et al, 2007) indicates that a combination of defense chemicals may be involved in resistance to Hessian fly. During compatible interactions (wheat infested with virulent larvae), susceptible plants are manipulated by Hessian fly larvae, including the suppression of plant defense Saltzmann et al, 2010) and the reprogramming of plant metabolic pathways to create a nutrition zone for larval development (Puthoff et al, 2005;Harris et al, 2006;Liu et al, 2007;Saltzmann et al, 2008;Zhu et al, 2008). The manipulation of plants by Hessian fly larvae is likely achieved through salivary secretions (Chen et al, 2004, which may also trigger plant defense if recognized by the plant surveillance system (Garcia-Brugger et al, 2006).…”

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Reactive Oxygen Species Are Involved in Plant Defense against a Gall Midge

Liu

Williams²,

Nemacheck³

et al. 2009

Plant Physiology

158

114

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Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a major role in plant defense against pathogens, but evidence for their role in defense against insects is still preliminary and inconsistent. In this study, we examined the potential role of ROS in defense of wheat (Triticum aestivum) and rice (Oryza sativa) against Hessian fly (Mayetiola destructor) larvae. Rapid and prolonged accumulation of hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) was detected in wheat plants at the attack site during incompatible interactions. Increased accumulation of both H 2 O 2 and superoxide was detected in rice plants during nonhost interactions with the larvae. No increase in accumulation of either H 2 O 2 or superoxide was observed in wheat plants during compatible interactions. A global analysis revealed changes in the abundances of 250 wheat transcripts and 320 rice transcripts encoding proteins potentially involved in ROS homeostasis. A large number of transcripts encoded class III peroxidases that increased in abundance during both incompatible and nonhost interactions, whereas the levels of these transcripts decreased in susceptible wheat during compatible interactions. The higher levels of class III peroxidase transcripts were associated with elevated enzymatic activity of peroxidases at the attack site in plants during incompatible and nonhost interactions. Overall, our data indicate that class III peroxidases may play a role in ROS generation in resistant wheat and nonhost rice plants during response to Hessian fly attacks.

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Biotic Stress in Barley: Insect Problems and Solutions

Mornhinweg¹

2010

Barley

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Virulent Hessian Fly (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) Larvae Induce a Nutritive Tissue During Compatible Interactions with Wheat

Cited by 126 publications

References 42 publications

Functional Characterization of HFR1, a High-MannoseN-Glycan-Specific Wheat Lectin Induced by Hessian Fly Larvae

Functional Characterization of HFR1, a High-MannoseN-Glycan-Specific Wheat Lectin Induced by Hessian Fly Larvae

Reactive Oxygen Species Are Involved in Plant Defense against a Gall Midge

Biotic Stress in Barley: Insect Problems and Solutions

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