Virulence variation of cucurbit powdery mildews in the Czech Republic – population approach

Lebeda, A.; Křístková, E.; Sedláková, B.; McCreight, James D.; Kosman, Evsey

doi:10.1007/s10658-018-1476-x

Cited by 10 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…() recently reported a seasonal variation in the predominance of species, with G. orontii being responsible for the development of early powdery mildew (from late spring to the end of spring/mid‐summer), and P. xanthii appearing and becoming dominant in the late growing season. Both species are also very variable in their virulence (Lebeda et al ., , ) and resistance to fungicides (Sedláková & Lebeda, ; Lebeda et al ., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of temperature on infection and development of powdery mildew on cucumber

et al. 2019

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Podosphaera xanthii and Golovinomyces orontii are the causal agents of cucurbit powdery mildew. The effect of temperature on conidial germination, infection and sporulation was studied under controlled conditions. Conidia were inoculated on cucumber leaf discs, and incubated at six constant temperatures (from 10 to 35°C in 5°C steps) for 3 to 72 h to evaluate conidial germination and infection, and for 6-15 days to evaluate sporulation intensity. Germination took place at all tested temperatures, but was close to zero at 35°C. The longest germ tubes measured in this experiment were 141.74 lm for the secondary germ tube of P. xanthii at 20°C after 48 h of incubation, and 67.92 lm for G. orontii for the primary germ tube at 20°C after 48 h of incubation. The optimal temperatures for conidial germination, infection and sporulation were 24.4, 25.7 and 22.3°C, respectively, for P. xanthii, and 17.9, 17.3 and 14.9°C, respectively, for G. orontii. Equations were developed to describe conidial germination with a coefficient of determination (R 2 ) of 0.85 and 0.90 for P. xanthii and G. orontii, respectively. Infection equations resulted in R 2 of 0.94 and 0.93 for P. xanthii and G. orontii, respectively; and for sporulation, R 2 of 0.75 and 0.76 for P. xanthii and G. orontii respectively, as a function of temperature. These results can be used to develop models for the risk of cucurbit powdery mildew under field conditions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of temperature on infection and development of powdery mildew on cucumber

et al. 2019

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“…The most frequent locations were in North Moravia (region Moravskoslezský) and Central Moravia (region Olomoucký). More details about collecting areas are summarized elsewhere (Lebeda et al, 2018a; Figure 1). From 50 to 100 locations were surveyed during each growing season, with a peak in sampling occurring in August, the month of most frequent occurrence of CPM on cucurbits in the Czech Republic.…”

Section: Collection and Origin Of Cpm Samples For Species Determinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Significant variation in virulence, expressed by numerous pathotypes and/or races and their spatiotemporal fluctuations, has been described for both species (Bardin et al, 1999;Cohen et al, 2004;Hong et al, 2018;Lebeda et al, 2007aLebeda et al, , 2008Lebeda et al, , 2009Lebeda & Sedláková, 2006;McCreight, 2006). The fact that both pathogens can develop simultaneous infections in a single crop (Křístková et al, 2009;Lebeda et al, 2009) is often overlooked (Lebeda et al, 2018a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, among the Px races reported from 2002 to 2011 from California and Arizona, USA (McCreight, 2006;McCreight et al, 2012), and those of Go reported from central Europe/Czech Republic (Lebeda & Sedláková, 2006;Lebeda et al, 2007b;Sedláková et al, 2014), only relatively few were relevant for resistance breeding (Lebeda et al, 2018a;McCreight et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most important v-factors and v-phenotypes (those persisting in the pathogen population with strong virulence patterns) should be treated with the highest priority. This approach was applied to CPM populations for analysis of virulence variation in 115 isolates of Go and Px, collected in the Czech Republic in 2010-2012 (Lebeda et al, 2018a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Understanding pathogen population structure and virulence variation for efficient resistance breeding to control cucurbit powdery mildews

et al. 2021

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Cucurbit powdery mildew (CPM) is caused most frequently by well-differentiated obligate erysiphaceous ectoparasites Golovinomyces orontii and Podosphaera xanthii, which vary in their ecology and virulence. All economically important cucurbit crops host both of these CPM species. Breeding of cucurbits for CPM resistance is highly important worldwide, but adequate knowledge of CPM species determination, as well as virulence structure, population dynamics, and spatiotemporal variation of these pathogens, has not yet been achieved. New tools have been developed to enhance research on CPM virulence variation for more efficient breeding and seed and crop production. A set of differential genotypes of Cucumis melo, with high differentiation capacity, may contribute substantially to understanding of variation in CPM virulence at both individual and population levels. Long-term observations (2001-2012) of CPM pathogens in the Czech Republic were used to analyse virulence variation within and among annual CPM populations and demonstrate the utility of recently developed tools for studying species variability and virulence variation of CPM pathogens worldwide. Detailed analyses of diversity and spatiotemporal fluctuations in the composition of CPM populations provide crucial information for shaping breeding programmes and predicting the most effective sources of race-specific resistance. The primary aim of this work was to create a uniform framework for determination of CPM species structure and diversity, virulence phenotypes, virulence and phenotype frequencies, phenotype complexity, dynamics, and variation within and among CPM populations.

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Comprehensive analyses of the occurrence of a fungicide resistance marker and the genetic structure in Erysiphe necator populations

Pintye,

Németh,

Molnár

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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Genetically distinct groups of Erysiphe necator, the fungus causing grapevine powdery mildew infect grapevine in Europe, yet the processes sustaining stable genetic differences between those groups are less understood. Genotyping of over 2000 field samples from six wine regions in Hungary collected between 2017 and 2019 was conducted to reveal E. necator genotypes and their possible differentiation. The demethylase inhibitor (DMI) fungicide resistance marker A495T was detected in all wine regions, in 16% of the samples. Its occurrence differed significantly among wine regions and grape cultivars, and sampling years, but it did not differ between DMI-treated and untreated fields. Multilocus sequence analyses of field samples and 59 in vitro maintained isolates revealed significant genetic differences among populations from distinct wine regions. We identified 14 E. necator genotypes, of which eight were previously unknown. In contrast to the previous concept of A and B groups, European E. necator populations should be considered genetically more complex. Isolation by geographic distance, growing season, and host variety influence the genetic structuring of E. necator, which should be considered both during diagnoses and when effective treatments are planned.

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Virulence variation of cucurbit powdery mildews in the Czech Republic – population approach

Cited by 10 publications

References 42 publications

Effect of temperature on infection and development of powdery mildew on cucumber

Effect of temperature on infection and development of powdery mildew on cucumber

Understanding pathogen population structure and virulence variation for efficient resistance breeding to control cucurbit powdery mildews

Comprehensive analyses of the occurrence of a fungicide resistance marker and the genetic structure in Erysiphe necator populations

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