Virulence Profiling of Streptococcus dysgalactiae Subspecies equisimilis Isolated from Infected Humans Reveals 2 Distinct Genetic Lineages That Do Not Segregate with Their Phenotypes or Propensity to Cause Diseases

Davies, Mark R.; McMillan, David; Beiko, Robert G.; Barroso, Vanessa; Geffers, Robert; Sriprakash, Kadaba S.; Chhatwal, Gursharan S.

doi:10.1086/516780

Cited by 79 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 39 publications

(42 reference statements)

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“…However, there is little data in the literature concerning the molecular epidemiology of SDSE. Indeed, the vast majority of these studies involve group G SDSE isolates (Davies et al, 2007;Pinho et al, 2006;Rantala et al, 2010;Takahashi et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Group C Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis in south-east Brazil: genetic diversity, resistance profile and the first report of human and equine isolates belonging to the same multilocus sequence typing lineage

Silva

Genteluci

Mattos

et al. 2015

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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Group C Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis in south-east Brazil: genetic diversity, resistance profile and the first report of human and equine isolates belonging to the same multilocus sequence typing lineage Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Gó es, RJ, Brazil Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis (SDSE) isolates are the most common group C streptococci in humans and reports of invasive infections associated with SDSE have been increasing. Molecular epidemiology studies are an important strategy to trace the emergence and spread of possible well-fit bacterial pathogens of humans and animals. In this work, we analysed the antimicrobial and clonal profiles of 115 SDSE infection and colonization isolates of human and equine origin. PFGE revealed the spread of two main clusters: clone A (57.4 %) and clone A (26.1 %). Remarkably, two isolates from clone B obtained from human colonization cases displayed identical PFGE patterns to those of three equine infection isolates. In addition, multilocus sequence typing allocated these isolates to ST129 (CC31). All of the SDSE isolates were susceptible to penicillin, vancomycin, gentamicin, levofloxacin and chloramphenicol. Tetracycline and erythromycin resistance rates were 65.2 and 13.9 % respectively. Nevertheless, none of the isolates displaying sporadic PFGE patterns showed erythromycin resistance. The majority of erythromycin-resistant isolates from clone A had inducible resistance to macrolides, lincosamines and streptogramins B (iMLS B phenotype), which is associated with the presence of the ermA gene, whereas the resistant isolates from clone B showed the M phenotype, associated with the mefA gene. In conclusion, the data indicated that the analysed collection of SDSE isolates displayed a clonal structure and that the isolates found in human colonization cases could also be involved in equine infections. INTRODUCTIONStreptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis (SDSE) has increasingly been recognized as the aetiological agent of several human invasive infections worldwide (Bruun et al., 2013;Sunaoshi et al., 2010;Takahashi et al., 2010Takahashi et al., , 2011Tsai et al., 2014). SDSE isolates are frequently classified as Lancefield group C or G. Comparative genomic analyses revealed that several commonly found group A streptococci virulence factors have also been detected in SDSE isolates, including C5a peptidase, M protein, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase, hyaluronidase, streptokinase, streptolysin O and streptolysin S, amongst others (Reissmann et al., 2012;Sunaoshi et al., 2010;Suzuki et al., 2011;Watanabe et al., 2013). Consequently, human infections related to SDSE resemble those associated with group A streptococci . These infections include pharyngitis, septic arthritis, pneumonia, bacteraemia, endocarditis, meningitis, streptococcal toxic shock-like syndrome, cellulitis and necrotizing fasciitis (Brandt & Spellerberg, 2009). Similar to group A streptococci, SDSE has also been linked to post-...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Group C Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis in south-east Brazil: genetic diversity, resistance profile and the first report of human and equine isolates belonging to the same multilocus sequence typing lineage

Silva

Genteluci

Mattos

et al. 2015

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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“…However, some strains are found to induce α-hemolysis or no hemolysis at all, in the abovedescribed standard conditions [20][21][22]. As in the case of S. pyogenes, there exist strains of SDSE which produce oxygen-labile streptolysin O, and no streptolysin S [20,23,24]. The occurrence of such strains has been an incentive to search for media and conditions of incubation which would enhance the activity of streptolysin O [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both species have antiphagocytic M protein, encoded by emm [10,35,36] and hyaluronic capsule [10,35]. There are, however, marked differences between them: SDSE, for example, lacks the whole set of genes encoding superantigens, which are mostly of phage origin (spe A, spe B, spe C, spe H, spe I, spe J, spe K, spe L, spe M, ssa, smez) [12,15,24,35,[38][39][40][41][42]. However, scarce occurrences of SDSE strains have been described, having one of those genes [32,43].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, scarce occurrences of SDSE strains have been described, having one of those genes [32,43]. The only superantigen gene which is often found in SDSE strains is spe G, which encodes exotoxin G [12,22,24,32,35,36,[39][40][41][42]44]. Between both of these closely related bacteria, interspecies DNA transfer occurs [6,45,46] by means of mobile genetic elements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Soft tissue infection caused by Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis possessing group Aantigen: a and review of the literature

Karyński¹,

Letowska²,

Grzesiowski³

2012

pdia

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“…GAS and S. dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis have been shown to share many of the same virulence-related genes, including emm (Brandt & Spellerberg, 2009;Davies et al, 2007;Shimomura et al, 2011). Accordingly, in the present study we aimed to develop a CD46 Tg mouse model of S. dysgalactiae subsp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A CD46 transgenic mouse model for studying the histopathology of arthritis caused by subcutaneous infection with Streptococcus dysgalactiae subspecies equisimilis

Yoshida

Matsui

Murayama

et al. 2011

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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Ankle arthritis was induced by a single subcutaneous (s.c.) infection of 1¾10 7 c.f.u. of the Streptococcus dysgalactiae subspecies equisimilis strain RE378, which was isolated from a patient suffering from multiple organ failure due to septicaemia, into both hind footpads of human CD46-expressing transgenic (Tg) mice. In contrast, in non-Tg mice, the incipient foot lesions (swelling and redness) resolved before arthritis developed. The number of viable bacteria in tissue samples and the arthritis frequency on days 3 and 28 after infection were higher in CD46 Tg mice than in non-Tg mice. The histopathological findings in the hind ankle sections of CD46 Tg mice showed the stimulation of osteoclast formation associated with inflammation of the synovial membrane and the development of aggressive granulation tissue (pannus). In addition, increased expression levels of interleukin (IL)-6, receptor activator of NF-kB ligand, IL-1b and tumour necrosis factor alpha were detected in the foot bones of CD46 Tg mice but not in those of non-Tg mice. These observations suggest that the s.c. infection with S. dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis induced arthritis in the ankle joints of CD46 Tg mice as a consequence of the prolonged inflammation associated with focal bone loss.

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Virulence Profiling of Streptococcus dysgalactiae Subspecies equisimilis Isolated from Infected Humans Reveals 2 Distinct Genetic Lineages That Do Not Segregate with Their Phenotypes or Propensity to Cause Diseases

Cited by 79 publications

References 39 publications

Group C Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis in south-east Brazil: genetic diversity, resistance profile and the first report of human and equine isolates belonging to the same multilocus sequence typing lineage

Group C Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis in south-east Brazil: genetic diversity, resistance profile and the first report of human and equine isolates belonging to the same multilocus sequence typing lineage

Soft tissue infection caused by Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis possessing group Aantigen: a and review of the literature

A CD46 transgenic mouse model for studying the histopathology of arthritis caused by subcutaneous infection with Streptococcus dysgalactiae subspecies equisimilis

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