Virulence of wheat leaf rust (Puccinia triticina Eriks.) and Lr resistance genes in wheat cultivars in the Slovak Republic in the years 2016–2019

Hanzalová, A.; Šliková, Svetlana; Hudcovicová, Martina; Klčová, Lenka; Gregová, E.

doi:10.1007/s42976-021-00169-7

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“…The effectiveness of the Lr19 gene against leaf rust races and the Sr25 gene against stem rust was previously confirmed in an extensive collection of wheat germplasm [77]. Lr9, Lr19, and Lr28 genes are still effective in China [78], India, Nepal, and Bangladesh [79], Slovakia [80], Iran [81], France [82], Egypt [66,83], and Northwest Russia [84], but pathotypes were identified that overcame resistance to Lr9 and Lr19 in Bulgaria [85], and Lr28 in the US of America [86]. Also, resistance to Lr26 was overcome in Chinese and Indian leaf rust populations [78,79].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Phenotyping and Identification of Molecular Markers Associated with Leaf Rust Resistance in the Wheat Germplasm from Kazakhstan, CIMMYT and ICARDA

Malysheva,

Kokhmetova,

Urazaliev

et al. 2023

Plants

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Leaf rust (LR) is the most widespread disease of common wheat worldwide. In order to evaluate leaf rust resistance, 70 uncharacterized wheat cultivars and promising lines with unknown leaf rust resistance genes (Lr genes) were exposed to Kazakhstani Puccinia triticina (Pt) races at the seedling stage. Field tests were performed to characterize leaf rust responses at the adult plant growth stage in the 2020–2021 and 2021–2022 cropping seasons. The wheat collection showed phenotypic diversity when tested with two virulent races of Pt. Thirteen wheat genotypes (18.6%) showed high resistance at both seedling and adult plant stages. In most cases, breeding material originating from international nurseries showed higher resistance to LR. Nine Lr genes, viz. Lr9, Lr10, Lr19, Lr26, Lr28, Lr34, Lr37, Lr46, and Lr68, either singly or in combination, were identified in 47 genotypes. Known Lr genes were not detected in the remaining 23 genotypes. The most commonly identified resistance genes were Lr37 (17 cultivars), Lr34 (16 cultivars), and Lr46 (10 cultivars), while Lr19, Lr68, Lr26, and Lr28 were the least frequent. Four Lr genes were identified in Keremet and Hisorok, followed by three Lr genes in Aliya, Rasad, Reke, Mataj, Egana and Almaly/Obri. The molecular screening revealed twenty-nine carriers of a single Lr gene, ten carriers of two genes, six carriers of three genes, and two carriers of four genes. Most of these accessions showed a high and moderate level of APR (Adult plant resistance) and may be utilized for the incorporation of Lr genes in well-adapted wheat cultivars. The most effective combination was Lr37, Lr34, and Lr68, the carriers of which were characterized by a low disease susceptibility index. The obtained results will facilitate breeding programs for wheat resistance in Kazakhstan.

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