Virulence of Entomopathogenic Nematodes against Meloidogyne incognita for Invasion, Development and Reproduction at Different Application Times in Brinjal Roots

Aatif, Hafiz Muhammad; Javed, Nazir; Khan, Sajid Aleem; Ahmed, Salman; Raheel, Muhammad

doi:10.17957/ijab/14.0028

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Obtained results in our study confirmed with those reported by many authors who observed suppressive effects of EPNs against RKNs under laboratory and greenhouse conditions (Bird & Bird, 1986;Grewal et al, 1999;Perez & Lewis, 2004;Aatif et al, 2016 andKhan et al, 2016). Most of these studies were conducted on M. incognita infected tomato plants.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Suppression of the Root-Knot Nematode,Meloidogyne incognita in Tomato Plants by Application of Certain Entomopathogenic Nematode Species Under Greenhouse Conditions

El-Ashry

El-Deeb

El-Marzoky

et al. 2018

Egyptian Journal of Agronematology

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The suppressive effects of six species of entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) against Meloidogyne incognita infected tomato were assessed in two separate trials under greenhouse conditions. The tested EPN species were Heterorhabditis bacteriophora, H. megidis, H. zealandica, Steinernema feltiae, S. glaseri and S. riobravae. In the first trial, EPNs were applied as a liquid suspension of alive or dead infective juveniles (IJs) at rate of 5000 IJs/plant in sandy and clay soils, while in the second trial, two Galleria mellonella infected cadavers of six-day old per plant were used in sandy soil. In the two experiments, application of EPNs was accomplished simultaneously with inoculation of M. incognita. Carbofuran as a standard synthetic nematicide was used as comparison treatment at recommended rate of 0.2 g/plant. Control treatments received only water and M. incognita at rate of1000 IJs/plant. Two months after inoculation, galling (as indicated by number of galls/plant) and reproduction (as indicated by number of egg masses /plant) as well as damage (as indicated by fresh and dry weight of areal parts) were assessed. Data showed that, treatment of carbofuran surpassed all other treatments in minifying galling and reproduction of M. incognita in sandy and clay soils. On the other hand, curative applications of alive or heat-killed IJs significantly (P≤ 0.05) diminished gall formation and egg mass production in tomato roots with slightly amelioration in fresh and dry weight of tomato shoot. Steinernematid species were more comparatively effective than heterorhabditid ones. General means for number of galls and egg masses for steinernematid species were 52.50 and 25.33 with percent reduction of 55.45 and 64.49 %, respectively. Whereas, the parallel values for heterorhabditid species were 69.67 and 36.33 with percent reduction of 40.88 and 49.07%, respectively compared to treatment of M. incognita alone. Treatments of alive IJs overwhelmed those of dead IJs in decreasing number of galls (with percent reduction of 56.53 and 39.79% respectively) and egg masses (with percent reduction of 63.16 and 50.39%, successively). Moreover, utilization of two G. mellonella infected cadavers markedly lowered number of galls and egg masses

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Suppression of the Root-Knot Nematode,Meloidogyne incognita in Tomato Plants by Application of Certain Entomopathogenic Nematode Species Under Greenhouse Conditions

El-Ashry

El-Deeb

El-Marzoky

et al. 2018

Egyptian Journal of Agronematology

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“…1515, Rima and Lama. These results confirmed with those reported by many authors who observed suppressive effects of EPNs against root-knot nematodes under laboratory and greenhouse conditions (Bird & Bird, 1986;Grewal et al, 1999;Perez and Lewis, 2004;Aatif et al,2016 andKhan et al, 2016). Moreover, suppressive effects of EPNs have been demonstrated on other plant parasitic nematodes (PPNs) under field conditions like Tylenchorhynchus spp.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Impact of Plant Oils, Biocontrol Agents and Oxamyl on Galling and Reproduction of Meloidogyne incognita Infecting Pepper Cultivars

El-Ashry

Deeb

Marzoky

2018

Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology

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A greenhouse experiment was carried out to evaluate the nematicidal activity of two biopesticides (Nema k & Nema clean), two plant oils (Inula viscosa & Azadirachata indica) and two entomopathogenic nematodes, (EPNs) i.e. Steinernema feltiae and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora) compared to chemical nematicide, oxamyl on root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita infecting three cultivars of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). Biopesticides were applied at the rate of 0.4 ml /plant whereas, the plant oils were tested at the concentration of 400 µL\plant. EPNs were accomplished simultaneously with inoculation of M. incognita as a liquid suspension of alive infective juveniles (IJs) at rate of 5000 IJs/plant in sandy soil. Oxamyl at recommended rate of 0.2 ml/plant. Control treatments received only water and M. incognita at rate of 1000 IJs/plant. Two months after application, galling (as indicated by number of galls/plant) and reproduction (as indicated by number of egg masses /plant) as well as damage (as indicated by fresh and dry weight of areal parts) were assessed. Data showed that, oxamyl treatment surpassed all other treatments in minifying galling and reproduction of M. incognita in sandy soil. From all tested materials, oxamyl, biopesticides and EPNs were the most effective in suppressing root galling and number of egg masses of M. incognita infecting pepper cultivars. On contrarily, plant oils were the least effective ones. Maximum percentages of reduction were recorded on cultivar 1515 when plants were treated with oxamyl (92.17&79.47%) followed by S. feltiae (90.21& 70.19%) and biopesticide, Nema clean (89.34 & 68.86%). On the other hand, statistically oxamyl was the first tested material in declining number of infective juveniles of M. incognita on three peppers cultivars. The curative application with oxamyl and Nema clean (Serratia marcescens) achieved the highest percentage increase in fresh (47.11 & 41.33) and dry (16.59 & 16.67) shoot weight, respectively. Next to oxamyl, entomopathogenic nematodes (S. feltiae) showed better performance in diminishing number of galls and egg masses of M. incognita infecting pepper cv. Lama than did on cv. Rima. However, the maximum percentages of increase in fresh and dry shoot weights of pepper were recorded on cv. Lama in pots receiving oxamyl (11.48 & 32.70%) and Nema clean (9.47& 27.50%).

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“…All the pot experiments were done by using formalin sterilized sandy loam soil (8% clay, 17% silt and 72% sand) in earthen pots (12 inches diameter). Care was done to remove the formalin residues before filling pots (Atif et al, 2015). Plants were watered regularly.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergism of citrus nematode (Tylenchulus semipenetrans Cobb.) and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides plays a major role in citrus dieback

Afzal¹

2021

PAKJAS

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Citrus is known as a major fruit due to its high nutritional value and adaptability in tropical and sub-tropical regions. Among diseases, citrus dieback is one of the most threatening diseases in which overall plant growth is reduced. Major causes are Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and citrus nematode (Tylenchulus semipenetrans) with 15-35% losses all over the world. Plant material was established adopting sanitary measures in earthen pots (12-inch diameter). Fresh culture of C. gloeosporioides and T. semipenetrans was prepared for the inoculation by following the standard procedures. In the first set, rootstocks were inoculated with 200mL of water having spore suspension of C. gloeosporioides while in in the second set, inoculation of T. semipenetrans was done by using 45 mL of water suspension having 2000 freshly hatched juveniles per pot, while at the rate of 1 × 107 spores/mL per plant. In the third set, the interaction of C. gloeosporioides and T. semipenetrans was studied by inoculating selected citrus rootstocks by both pathogens. After four months of inoculation, data were recorded on plant disease index (PDI) along with plant growth parameters (root weight, shoot weight, shoot weight, shoot length and number of leaves). Trifoliate orange and cox mandarin hybrid showed resistance against the development of T. semipenetrans while rough lemon, C-35 Citrange and sour orange were found susceptible. There was a significant difference in plant growth parameters between inoculated and healthy plants. Root weight and shoot weight decreased by 8.98g and 11.53g, while root length and shoot length decreased by 7.29cm and 13.5cm respectively as compared to control treatments in most susceptible rootstocks. Per cent Branch Infection (PBI) and per cent Disease Index (PDI) were maximum (71.52, 37) per cent on rough lemon respectively. Results regarding combined inoculation of C. gloeosporioides and T. semipenetrans showed that there was a significant difference in plant growth parameters between inoculated and healthy plants. In rough lemon, Root weight and shoot weight decreased by 13.86 and 20.57g respectively in diseased and healthy plants. Root length and shoot length decreased by 8.37 and 20.04cm respectively as compared to control treatments in most susceptible rootstocks. Overall results depicted that inoculation of both pathogens reduced plant growth more severely as compared to their individual application.

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Virulence of Entomopathogenic Nematodes against Meloidogyne incognita for Invasion, Development and Reproduction at Different Application Times in Brinjal Roots

Abstract: To cite this paper: Aatif, H.M., N. Javed, S.A. Khan, S. Ahmed and M. Raheel, 2015

Cited by 8 publications

References 10 publications

Suppression of the Root-Knot Nematode,Meloidogyne incognita in Tomato Plants by Application of Certain Entomopathogenic Nematode Species Under Greenhouse Conditions

Suppression of the Root-Knot Nematode,Meloidogyne incognita in Tomato Plants by Application of Certain Entomopathogenic Nematode Species Under Greenhouse Conditions

Impact of Plant Oils, Biocontrol Agents and Oxamyl on Galling and Reproduction of Meloidogyne incognita Infecting Pepper Cultivars

Synergism of citrus nematode (Tylenchulus semipenetrans Cobb.) and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides plays a major role in citrus dieback

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