Virulence of acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease Pir
            <scp>AB</scp>
            ‐like relies on secreted proteins not on gene copy number

Tinwongger, Sasiwipa; Nochiri, Yuki; Thawonsuwan, Jumroensri; Nozaki, Reiko; Kondo, Hidehiro; Awasthi, Sharda Prasad; Hinenoya, Atsushi; Yamasaki, Shinji; Hirono, Ikuo

doi:10.1111/jam.13256

Cited by 45 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…In this study, no clear relation was observed between the bacterial density, measured as optical density, and the strain virulence. The virulence of Vp causing AHPND possibly depends on the concentration of the PirAB toxin (Tinwongger et al, 2016) or intrinsic factors of the strain (Feng, Liu, Wang, Sun, & Pan, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization and growth conditions of Vibrio parahaemolyticus strains with different virulence degrees that cause acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease in Litopenaeus vannamei

Soto-Rodríguez

Lozano‐Olvera

Palacios‐Gonzalez

et al. 2019

J World Aquaculture Soc

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The phenotypic characteristics and growth kinetics at several temperatures, salinities, and pH values of three Vibrio parahaemolyticus (Vp) strains with different virulence and one nonpathogenic strain were evaluated. Independent of the virulence of the strain, a high metabolic diversity was found, which yielded different colored phenotypes on the CHROMagar™ Vibrio. All strains were resistant to ampicillin and carbenicillin, and Vp AHPND+ organisms were the most sensitive to enrofloxacin. The exponential growth of Vp strains started at 1–2 hr of incubation, although no relationship was observed between the bacterial density and degree of virulence. Moreover, the growth of the most virulent strain was independent of the nutrients in the incubation media during the initial hour postinoculation. No strain grew at 4°C in 0% NaCl and pH 4, but only Vp AHPND+ grew at 44°C. For all strains, the lag phase was proportional to the NaCl concentration, and the growth was better at pH 8–9. However, the Vp AHPND− strain displayed a greater variability, was more sensitive to extreme conditions, and showed a lag phase of 9 hr independent of the pH.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization and growth conditions of Vibrio parahaemolyticus strains with different virulence degrees that cause acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease in Litopenaeus vannamei

Soto-Rodríguez

Lozano‐Olvera

Palacios‐Gonzalez

et al. 2019

J World Aquaculture Soc

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“…For each group, 30 shrimp were used and were divided equally into two groups (high and low dose) in 10‐L aquarium tanks after 2 weeks of feeding. Vibrio parahaemolyticus D6 (Tinwongger et al., ) was used for the challenge test by immersion at two doses: the final concentrations were 4.5 × 10 5 cfu/ml and 1.5 × 10 5 cfu/ml for the high and low doses respectively. Another immersion challenge test was done after 12 weeks of feeding.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary 5-aminolevulinic acid enhances adenosine triphosphate production, ecdysis and immune response in Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone)

2019

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Previous studies have shown that 5‐aminolevulinic acid (5‐ALA), a precursor of haem, can enhance haem synthesis and the activity of haemoproteins. Here, we investigated the effects of dietary 5‐ALA on Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone). Dietary groups included basal diet (BD, control) and BD plus 15, 30 and 60 ppm 5‐ALA (ALA15, ALA30 and ALA60 respectively). Hepatopancreas adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels increased with increasing 5‐ALA concentration (ALA60 p < 0.05) after 2 weeks of feeding. 5‐aminolevulinic acid diets significantly increased the expression of ecdysis‐related genes: nuclear receptor E75 and chitinase 4 (ALA15, ALA30, ALA60), cytochrome P450 Shade (ALA60), chitinase 1 (ALA60) and chitinase 3 (ALA15, ALA60). Catalase (CAT) and prophenoloxidase gene expression levels were also significantly higher in ALA60 after 12 weeks of feeding. Six hours after L. vannamei were exposed to Vibrio parahaemolyticus, total haemocyte count (ALA60) and gene expression levels of CAT (ALA30, ALA60) were significantly higher in 5‐ALA groups compared to the control. 5‐aminolevulinic acid diets also increased survival of L. vannamei following V. parahaemolyticus immersion challenge. These results suggest that supplementing L. vannamei diets with 5‐ALA can enhance ATP production, immune response against V. parahaemolyticus, total haemocyte count and expression of some immune‐related genes. 5‐aminolevulinic acid can also induce ecdysis‐related gene expressions, without adversely affecting growth.

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“…The cause of AHPND was identified as a strain of Vibrio parahaemolyticus that secretes toxins homologous to Photorhabdus insect‐related (Pir) toxins (Yang et al, ). These toxins were later confirmed as the virulence factors of the disease (Tinwongger et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Anti‐PirA‐like toxin immunoglobulin (IgY) in feeds passively immunizes shrimp against acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease

Nakamura

Pedrosa-Gerasmio

Alenton

et al. 2019

Journal of Fish Diseases

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Acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND), caused by a toxin‐producing Vibrio parahaemolyticus strain, has become a serious threat to shrimp aquaculture. The need to regulate antibiotic use prompted the development of alternative ways to treat infections in aquaculture including the use of chicken egg yolk immunoglobulin (IgY) for passive immunization. This study evaluated the protective effect of IgY against AHPND infection in Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone). IgY was isolated from eggs laid by hens immunized with recombinant PirA‐like (rPirA) and PirB‐like (rPirB) toxins. Whole‐egg powders having IgY specific to rPirA (anti‐PirA‐IgY) and rPirB (anti‐PirB‐IgY) and IgY from non‐immunized hen (control‐IgY) were mixed with basal diets at 20% concentrations and used to prefeed shrimp 3 days before the bacterial challenge test. Survival rates of the challenged shrimp fed the anti‐PirA‐IgY, anti‐PirB‐IgY and control‐IgY diets were 86%, 14% and 0%, respectively. Only the feed containing anti‐PirA‐IgY protected shrimp against AHPND. Increasing the concentration of rPirA antigen to immunize hens and lowering the amount of egg powder in feeds to 10% consistently showed higher survival rates in shrimp fed with anti‐PirA‐IgY (87%) compared with the control (12%). These results confirm that addition of anti‐PirA‐IgY in feeds could be an effective prophylactic method against AHPND infection in shrimp.

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Virulence of acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease Pir AB ‐like relies on secreted proteins not on gene copy number

Abstract: The secreted proteins of Vp_PirAB-like are key factors of virulence in the V. parahaemolyticus AHPND-causing strain, but not gene copy.

Cited by 45 publications

References 28 publications

Characterization and growth conditions of Vibrio parahaemolyticus strains with different virulence degrees that cause acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease in Litopenaeus vannamei

Characterization and growth conditions of Vibrio parahaemolyticus strains with different virulence degrees that cause acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease in Litopenaeus vannamei

Dietary 5-aminolevulinic acid enhances adenosine triphosphate production, ecdysis and immune response in Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone)

Anti‐PirA‐like toxin immunoglobulin (IgY) in feeds passively immunizes shrimp against acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease

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