Virulence genome analysis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa VRFPA10 recovered from patient with scleritis

Murugan, Nandagopal; Malathi, Jambulingam; Vetrivel, Umashankar; Madhavan, H. N.

doi:10.1016/j.gdata.2017.02.007

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(20 reference statements)

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“…As a free-living organism, P. aeruginosa possesses numerous virulence factors and regulatory mechanisms for uptake of nutrients to colonise environmental niches and under suitable conditions become opportunistic pathogens. A recent genome analysis of a clinical strain revealed the presence of T3SS exoenzymes, elastase B, exotoxin A and P. aeruginosa Genomic Islands (PAGI) that collectively can induce pathogenicity (Murugan et al, 2017). However, virulence in P. aeruginosa is both multifactorial and combinatorial where multiple virulence factors cause overall pathogenicity, but the severity may differ in different strains (Lee et al, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial susceptibility and virulence genes of clinical and environmental isolates ofPseudomonas aeruginosa

Liew

Rajasekaram

Puthucheary

et al. 2019

PeerJ

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Background Pseudomonas aeruginosa is ubiquitous, has intrinsic antibiotic resistance mechanisms, and is associated with serious hospital-associated infections. It has evolved from being a burn wound infection into a major nosocomial threat. In this study, we compared and correlated the antimicrobial resistance, virulence traits and clonal relatedness between clinical and fresh water environmental isolates of P. aeruginosa.Methods219 P. aeruginosa isolates were studied: (a) 105 clinical isolates from 1977 to 1985 (n = 52) and 2015 (n = 53), and (b) 114 environmental isolates from different fresh water sources. All isolates were subjected to ERIC-PCR typing, antimicrobial susceptibility testing and virulence factor genes screening.ResultsClinical and environmental isolates of P. aeruginosa were genetically heterogenous, with only four clinical isolates showing 100% identical ERIC-PCR patterns to seven environmental isolates. Most of the clinical and environmental isolates were sensitive to almost all of the antipseudomonal drugs, except for ticarcillin/clavulanic acid. Increased resistant isolates was seen in 2015 compared to that of the archived isolates; four MDR strains were detected and all were retrieved in 2015. All clinical isolates retrieved from 1977 to 1985 were susceptible to ceftazidime and ciprofloxacin; but in comparison, the clinical isolates recovered in 2015 exhibited 9.4% resistance to ceftazidime and 5.7% to ciprofloxacin; a rise in resistance to imipenem (3.8% to 7.5%), piperacillin (9.6% to 11.3%) and amikacin (1.9% to 5.7%) and a slight drop in resistance rates to piperacillin/tazobactam (7.7% to 7.5%), ticarcillin/clavulanic acid (19.2% to 18.9%), meropenem (15.4% to 7.5%), doripenem (11.5% to 7.5%), gentamicin (7.7% to 7.5%) and netilmicin (7.7% to 7.5%). Environmental isolates were resistant to piperacillin/tazobactam (1.8%), ciprofloxacin (1.8%), piperacillin (4.4%) and carbapenems (doripenem 11.4%, meropenem 8.8% and imipenem 2.6%). Both clinical and environmental isolates showed high prevalence of virulence factor genes, but none were detected in 10 (9.5%) clinical and 18 (15.8%) environmental isolates. The exoT gene was not detected in any of the clinical isolates. Resistance to carbapenems (meropenem, doripenem and imipenem), β-lactamase inhibitors (ticarcillin/clavulanic acid and piperacillin/tazobactam), piperacillin, ceftazidime and ciprofloxacin was observed in some of the isolates without virulence factor genes. Five virulence-negative isolates were susceptible to all of the antimicrobials. Only one MDR strain harbored none of the virulence factor genes.ConclusionOver a period of 30 years, a rise in antipseudomonal drug resistance particularly to ceftazidime and ciprofloxacin was observed in two hospitals in Malaysia. The occurrence of resistant environmental isolates from densely populated areas is relevant and gives rise to collective anxiety to the community at large.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial susceptibility and virulence genes of clinical and environmental isolates ofPseudomonas aeruginosa

Liew

Rajasekaram

Puthucheary

et al. 2019

PeerJ

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“…30,33 On microbial identification, relevant drug sensitivity tests and virulence genome analysis can help tailor medical treatment to the specific pathogen. 77 Serological evaluation, blood and urine analysis, and imaging studies are essential for ruling out endogenous IS associated with Lyme disease, syphilis, tuberculosis, and T. gondii. Optical coherence tomography and B-scan ultrasonography also permit chorioretinal evaluation and can facilitate IS diagnosis.…”

Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…30,33 On microbial identification, relevant drug sensitivity tests and virulence genome analysis can help tailor medical treatment to the specific pathogen. 77…”

Section: Helminthsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infectious Scleritis: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Management

Syed

Rapuano

2021

Eye &Amp; Contact Lens: Science &Amp; Clinical Practice

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Infectious scleritis (IS) is a rare and severe ocular disorder responsible for approximately 5%-15% of all scleritis cases. It is often associated with a poor prognosis due to its similar clinical presentation to autoimmune scleritis, resulting in a delayed diagnosis and treatment. Therefore, differentiating between infectious and noninfectious entities is critical. Several details extracted from the patient's history and clinical examination can raise suspicion for infection. The most common predisposing factor is previous ocular surgery, especially pterygium, cataract, and vitreoretinal surgeries. Ocular trauma, poor contact lens hygiene, "eye-whitening" procedures, and subtenon triamcinolone injections have also been implicated. Clinical features of infection include the presence of scleral necrosis, hypopyon, unifocal or multifocal scleral abscesses, and mucopurulent discharge. Thorough diagnostic testing is essential before excluding infection as a possibility. Empiric broad-spectrum topical and systemic antibiotic therapy should be initiated while awaiting laboratory results and adjusted accordingly. Most IS cases require both aggressive medical and surgical treatment, and various studies have reported favorable outcomes with this combination. At this time, there is no consensus on the management of this severe ocular condition, and future studies are needed to establish clear treatment guidelines.

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“…. Keratitis, pneumonia, scleritis, cystic fibrosis, urinary tract infections, wound infections resulting from invasive and surgical procedures, open and burn wounds are usually caused by P. aeruginosa (although, often in association with other bacteria) (Okamoto et al, 2001;Fernandez-Barat et al, 2017;Murugan et al, 2017).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hyper-virulent strains which demonstrate susceptibility to antibiotics still cause difficult-to-treat infections in patients. Murugan et al (2017) studied patients with scleritis caused by P. aeruginosa VRFPA10. Their analyses of the P. aeruginosa VRFPA10 genome showed genomic islands which they attributed the hyper-virulence to.…”

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confidence: 99%

Ethanolic Allium sativum extract down-regulates the pelF gene involved in Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm formation

Ninyio¹,

Gidado²,

Yahaya³

et al. 2017

Afr. J. Biotechnol.

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Exploration of efficacious plant extracts that can reduce or inhibit Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm formation is necessary. Allium sativum is a suitable candidate because of its relative abundance. This study was carried out to determine the effect of ethanolic A. sativum extract on the expression of the P. aeruginosa biofilm gene, pelF. The presence of the pelF gene in the isolates used for this study was confirmed via polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and agarose gel electrophoresis. P. aeruginosa cultures treated with 1 g/ml of the A. sativum extract had the least turbidity (6.7 absorbance value at A 600). The expression profile of the pelF gene in the treated cultures was determined via PCR using cDNA synthesized from RNA isolated from the treated P. aeruginosa cultures. The amplicons from the PCR were analyzed via agarose gel electrophoresis and a concentration dependent down-regulation of the pelF gene was observed. Further quantification of the pelF gene's expression was performed via realtime PCR using rpoB as the reference gene. A 4-fold down-regulation of the gene was observed at 0.5 and 1 g/ml concentrations, respectively. This study suggests that the suppression of the pelF gene of P. aeruginosa by A. sativum extracts plays a role in the inhibition of P. aeruginosa biofilm formation. This is the first study to elucidate the effect of A. sativum on the expression of any of the pel genes.

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Virulence genome analysis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa VRFPA10 recovered from patient with scleritis

Cited by 3 publications

References 15 publications

Antimicrobial susceptibility and virulence genes of clinical and environmental isolates ofPseudomonas aeruginosa

Antimicrobial susceptibility and virulence genes of clinical and environmental isolates ofPseudomonas aeruginosa

Infectious Scleritis: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Management

Ethanolic Allium sativum extract down-regulates the pelF gene involved in Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm formation

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