Virulence factors in Escherichia coli urinary tract infection.

Johnson, James R.

doi:10.1128/cmr.4.1.80-128.1991

Cited by 37 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 472 publications

(1,040 reference statements)

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“…However, attachment of E. coli to uroepithelial cells allows them to overwhelm the effect of urine flow. For many pathogenic microorganisms, it is considered as the first step in the colonization process [13,14], and both the host and E. coli function in this process. The ability of UPEC to colonize depends upon the expression of different fimbrial adhesins.…”

Section: Adhesionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Immuno-invasion of UPEC by hiding from the host humoral immune response is somehow mediated by Dr family of adhesins [26]. These microscopically invisible fimbriae are present in the cell wall, and their structural and organization properties are quite different from other types of fimbriae [13]. Chloramphenicol can inhibit O75X binding to a specific part of the Dr antigen, but it cannot inhibit other adhesins of this family which indicates that Dr family adhesins can recognize specific sites at the Dr [25].…”

Section: Dr/afa Adhesinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among all the toxins, α-hemolysin (HlyA) is very important which is a lipoprotein and belongs to the RTX (repeats in toxin) toxins family [13,29,30]. HlyA is a pore-forming toxin and causes inducible nitric-oxide-synthase (iNOS)-mediated cell membrane injury and apoptosis [31].…”

Section: α-Hemolysinmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, HlyA can lyse erythrocytes and nucleated host cells at high concentration by a process enabling UPEC which may damage the host immune effector cells for gaining enhanced access to the host nutrients and iron stores. But when the concentration is low, HlyA can induce the apoptosis of target host cells and promote the exfoliation of bladder epithelial cells [13,32,33]. Besides, HlyA can also contribute to nephropathogenicity, which was proved by infecting mice transurethrally or intravesically with toxin producer and nonproducer isogenic clone pairs of E. coli [34].…”

Section: α-Hemolysinmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This siderophore extracts Fe 3+ from host iron-binding proteins and is taken up through an outer membrane receptor protein [44]. However, aerobactin has many advantages over other siderophores and is formed from the condensation of two lysine molecules and one citrate catalyzed by an enzyme named aerobactin synthase [13,25,30].…”

Section: Aerobactinmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Virulence Factors of Uropathogenic E. coli

Parvez¹,

Rahman²

2019

Microbiology of Urinary Tract Infections - Microbial Agents and Predisposing Factors

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In order for a successful infection and creating a satisfactory environment inside the host, strains of uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) need some special features that are achieved by expressing particular genes, called virulence factors. Two of the most important surface virulence factors of UPEC are type 1 fimbriae and P fimbriae that are crucial for the colonization process inside the urinary tract. Expression of these virulence factors converts a commensal strain into an uropathogen. Beside these factors, outer membrane proteins also contribute to virulence being involved in the secretory machinery; an example of such type is TolC protein that transfers α-hemolysin across the outer membrane of E. coli. However, α-hemolysin along with many other toxins serves various pathogenic roles during UTIs including adhesion, colonization, cytotoxic activity, etc. Moreover, virulence factors located on bacterial surface including capsule and lipopolysaccharides may also have the contribution to UTIs providing antiphagocytosis and antibactericidal complement activity.

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Section: Adhesionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Dr/afa Adhesinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: α-Hemolysinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: α-Hemolysinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Aerobactinmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Virulence Factors of Uropathogenic E. coli

Parvez¹,

Rahman²

2019

Microbiology of Urinary Tract Infections - Microbial Agents and Predisposing Factors

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Transcriptomics and adaptive genomics of the asymptomatic bacteriuria Escherichia coli strain 83972

et al. 2008

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Escherichia coli strains are the major cause of urinary tract infections in humans. Such strains can be divided into virulent, UPEC strains causing symptomatic infections, and asymptomatic, commensal-like strains causing asymptomatic bacteriuria, ABU. The best-characterized ABU strain is strain 83972. Global gene expression proWling of strain 83972 has been carried out under seven diVerent sets of environmental conditions ranging from laboratory minimal medium to human bladders. The data reveal highly speciWc gene expression responses to diVerent conditions. A number of potential Wtness factors for the human urinary tract could be identiWed. Also, presence/ absence data of the gene expression was used as an adaptive genomics tool to model the gene pool of 83972 using primarily UPEC strain CFT073 as a scaVold. In our analysis, 96% of the transcripts Wltered present in strain 83972 can be found in CFT073, and genes on six of the seven pathogenicity islands were expressed in 83972. Despite the very diVerent patient symptom proWles, the two strains seem to be very similar. Genes expressed in CFT073 but not in 83972 were identiWed and can be considered as virulence factor candidates. Strain 83972 is a deconstructed pathogen rather than a commensal strain that has acquired Wtness properties.

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Characterization and safety evaluation of partially purified bacteriocin produced by Escherichia coli E isolated from fermented pineapple Ananas comosus (L.) Merr

Leelakriangsak

Lee

et al. 2018

Braz J Microbiol

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Antibacterial activity of cell-free supernatant from Escherichia coli E against selected pathogenic bacteria in food and aquaculture was the highest against Edwardsiella tarda 3, a significant aquaculture pathogen. Biochemical properties of the bacteriocins were studied and bacteriocin was found to be sensitive to proteinase K, demonstrating its proteinaceous nature. In addition, pH and temperature affected bacteriocin activity and stability. The bacteriocins were partially purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation. The antibacterial activity was only detected in 20% ammonium sulfate fraction and direct detection of its activity was performed by overlaying on the indicator strains. The inhibition zone associated with the antibacterial activity was detected in the sample overlaid by E. tarda 3 and Staphylococcus aureus DMST8840 with the relative molecular mass of about 27 kDa and 10 kDa, respectively. Bacteriocin showed no cytotoxic effect on NIH-3T3 cell line; however, two virulence genes, aer and sfa, were detected in the genome of E. coli E by PCR. The characteristics of bacteriocins produced by E. coli E exhibited the antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria and the safe use determined by cytotoxicity test which may have interesting biotechnological applications.

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Virulence factors in Escherichia coli urinary tract infection.

Cited by 37 publications

References 472 publications

Virulence Factors of Uropathogenic E. coli

Virulence Factors of Uropathogenic E. coli

Transcriptomics and adaptive genomics of the asymptomatic bacteriuria Escherichia coli strain 83972

Characterization and safety evaluation of partially purified bacteriocin produced by Escherichia coli E isolated from fermented pineapple Ananas comosus (L.) Merr

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