Virulence factors associated with strains of Escherichia coli from cases of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)

Bettelheim, K. A.; Chang, Barbara J.; Elliott, Simon J.; Gunzburg, Stuart; Pearce, J.L.

doi:10.1016/0147-9571(94)00026-q

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…This same group has also shown that very low concentrations of nicotine potentiate the lethal action in chick embryos of individual bacterial toxins and of synergistic combinations of toxins, which they suggest may explain in part why smoking increases the risk of SIDS 174 . Two studies have shown that strains of E. coli isolated from SIDS cases are more toxigenic than those from healthy controls: in one, 39% of SIDS infants carried toxigenic E. coli (verocytotoxin or heat‐labile toxin producers) compared with only 1.5% of controls; 175 in the other, 52% of SIDS infants carried verocytotoxigenic E. coli compared with only 4% of controls 176 …”

Section: Individual Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of risk factors for Sudden Infant Death Syndrome

Sullivan

Barlow²

2001

Paediatric Perinatal Epid

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Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) accounts for the largest number of deaths during the first year of life in developed countries. The possible causes of SIDS are numerous and, to date, there is no adequate unifying pathological explanation for SIDS. Epidemiological studies have played a key role in identifying risk factors, knowledge of which has underpinned successful preventive programmes. This review critically assesses information on the main risk factors and causal hypotheses put forward for SIDS, focusing on research published since 1994. The overall picture that emerges from this review is that affected infants are not completely normal in development, but possess some inherent weakness, which may only become obvious when the infant is subjected to stress. Initially there may be some minor impairment or delay in development of respiratory, cardiovascular or neuromuscular function. None of these is likely to be sufficient, in isolation, to cause death and, provided the infant survives the first year of life, may no longer be of any significance. However, when a compromised infant is confronted with one or more stressful situations, several of which are now clearly identified as risk factors, and from which the majority of infants would normally escape, the combination may prove fatal.

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Section: Individual Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of risk factors for Sudden Infant Death Syndrome

Sullivan

Barlow²

2001

Paediatric Perinatal Epid

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“…(2002) found that strains of E. coli O157:H7 had low surface hydrophobicity properties. Bettelheim et al. (1995) also reported low hydrophobicity for toxigenic E. coli strains.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Physicochemical properties of Shiga toxigenic Escherichia coli

2005

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Aims: To investigate the physicochemical surface properties, such as cellular surface charge, hydrophobicity and electron donor/acceptor potential of a selection of Shiga toxigenic Escherichia coli (STEC) isolates grown in broth and agar culture. Methods and Results: Cellular surface charge was determined using zeta potential measurements. Hydrophobicity of the isolates was determined using bacterial adhesion to hydrocarbons assay, hydrophobic interaction chromatography and contact angle measurements. Microbial adhesion to solvents was used to determine the electron donor/acceptor characteristics. No differences of surface charge measurements were found between broth and agar grown cultures. Isolates belonging to serogroup O157 and serotypes O26:H11 and O111:H-were significantly (P < 0AE05) less negatively charged than other STEC serotypes tested. All strains were hydrophilic with most methods and demonstrated a lower hydrophobicity in agar culture compared with broth culture. All strains demonstrated a strong microbial adhesion to chloroform indicating that STEC possess an electron donor and basic character. A relationship between serogroup O157 and other STEC serotypes was apparent using principalcomponent analysis (PCA). Conclusions: Combining the results for physicochemical properties using PCA differentiated between strains belonging to the O157 serogroup and other STEC/non-STEC strains. PCA found similar results for broth and agar grown cultures. Significance and Impact of the Study: Particular serotypes of STEC possess similar physicochemical properties which may play a role in their pathogenicity or potential attachment to various surfaces.

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“…It is well known that E. coli can produce a variety of toxins, some of which have been associated with such diseases as travellers' diarrhoea and haemolytic uraemic syndrome. A number of studies [12,16,17,19] including our own [13,14,31] have shown that bacterial toxin could have an important causal role in SIDS. Toxin products elaborated from bacterial cells already in the blood stream or from cells present in the trachea and/or bronchi may have a disproportionate impact relative to products elaborated by bacterial cells in the large intestine due to better absorption.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extraintestinal Escherichia coli isolations from SIDS cases and other cases of sudden death in Victoria, Australia

Pearce¹

1999

FEMS Immunology and Medical Microbiology

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This investigation is an extension of previous studies on the possible role of intestinal Escherichia coli in sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) to include the isolation of extraintestinal E. coli. The lungs of 52 and the blood of 144 SIDS infants were cultured and isolates were investigated. E. coli was isolated from about a quarter of post-mortem lung samples and about 15% of blood samples from SIDS infants. The isolates were subjected to microbiological studies, including serotyping and haemolysin assays. The majority were found to belong to serogroups commonly associated with bacteraemia. These results may indicate that extraintestinal E. coli plays a role in SIDS.

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Virulence factors associated with strains of Escherichia coli from cases of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)

Cited by 14 publications

References 23 publications

Review of risk factors for Sudden Infant Death Syndrome

Review of risk factors for Sudden Infant Death Syndrome

Physicochemical properties of Shiga toxigenic Escherichia coli

Extraintestinal Escherichia coli isolations from SIDS cases and other cases of sudden death in Victoria, Australia

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