Virulence Composition of <i>Phytophthora sojae</i> in Michigan

Kaitany, Richard C.; Hart, L. P.; Safir, Gene R.

doi:10.1094/pdis.2001.85.10.1103

Cited by 50 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…However, because of selection for mutants, recombinants or immigrants, the local pathogen population may become adapted and overcome the resistant cultivar (McDonald & Linde, ). Previous studies have found that most resistance genes currently used against P. sojae have been broken down (Kaitany et al ., ; Cui et al ., ; Costamilan et al ., ). In this study, dramatic changes in virulence frequencies of the pathogen were found over time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic analysis of Phytophthora sojae populations in Fujian, China

Liu

et al. 2017

Plant Pathology

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Phytophthora sojae is a destructive soilborne pathogen causing seedling damping‐off and root rot of soybean (Glycine max). The goal of this study was to determine the genetic structure of P. sojae populations in Fujian, China. Nine microsatellite markers were used to investigate the genetic variation in 19 P. sojae populations, sampled from Fujian Province and northeastern China (Jilin and Heilongjiang Provinces) between 2002 and 2013. Overall, a low genetic diversity, Hardy–Weinberg disequilibrium, and an r¯d index (an index of association) that was significantly different from zero were detected in populations; these results were consistent with self‐fertilization and clonal modes of reproduction for this pathogen. However, using Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo approach, principal component analysis and neighbour joining (NJ) algorithm, the Fujian P. sojae populations clustered into three distinct groups, one of which included most isolates of the northeast populations. What is more, significant estimates of pairwise fixation indices (FST) were detected between most populations, especially in different clusters. It is hypothesized that the cropping system used, the limited dispersal ability, and human‐mediated gene flow may account for the observed genetic structure of P. sojae populations in Fujian, China. In addition, a high virulence frequency of the pathogen on different cultivars carrying known major R genes for resistance, and a rapid increase in virulence frequency, indicated that these major R genes should not be used to manage seedling damping‐off and root rot diseases of soybean (Glycine max).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic analysis of Phytophthora sojae populations in Fujian, China

Liu

et al. 2017

Plant Pathology

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“…Numerous surveys for pathotype composition of P. sojae populations have been carried out primarily in the USA Yang et al 1996;Leitz et al 2000;Kaitani et al 2001;Dorrance et al 2003;Jackson et al 2004;Malvick and Grunden 2004;Nelson et al 2008), as well as in Argentina (Barreto et al 1995;Gally et al 2007), and Australia (Ryley et al 1998). Only the differential with Rps7 had a susceptible reaction (Costamilan et al 2010) to one isolate from Passo Fundo, RS, in the first study about pathogenicity of P. sojae in Brazil.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenic diversity of Phytophthora sojae pathotypes from Brazil

et al. 2012

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Phytophthora root and stem rot has developed in commercial soybean fields since 2006 in Brazil, and cultivars with resistance to this disease have not been targeted for this region. Thus, the Phytophthora sojae pathotypes are expected to have virulence to few if any of the Rps genes. The objectives of this study were to characterize the pathotype diversity of P. sojae in Brazil, determine the distribution of the pathogen and predict which Rps genes will be effective and should be used in breeding programs. Isolates were collected in six states (Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina, Paraná, Mato Grosso do Sul, Minas Gerais, and Goiás). The virulence formulae were based on the response of a differential set with 14 Rps genes (1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, 1k, 2, 3a, 3b, 3c, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8). None of the 17 pathotypes found was reported previously. The most common virulence formulas were: 1d, 2, 3c, 4, 5, 6, 7 (octal code 05471, representing 24 % of the occurrences); 1d, 2, 3b, 3c, 4, 5, 6, 7 (05671, 13 %); 1b, 1d, 2, 3a, 3c, 4, 5, 6, 7 (25571, 8 %); and 1d, 3a, 5, 7, 8 (01123, 8 %). Percentages of isolates with a susceptible interaction with each Rps gene was Rps1a (3 %), Rps1b (11 %), Rps1c (3 %), Rps1d (100 %), Rps1k (3 %), Rps2 (86 %), Rps3a (32 %), Rps3b (19 %), Rps3c (73 %), Rps4 (70 %), Rps5 (89 %), Rps6 (59 %), Rps7 (100 %), and Rps8 (22 %). There was apparently no relationship between pathotypes and origin. Stacking resistance genes Rps1a, Rps1b, Rps1c, and Rps1k with Rps3b or Rps8 would be highly effective for soybean cultivars targeted for Brazil.

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“…Nine (Rps1a, Rps1b, Rps1c, Rps1k, Rps2, Rps3a, Rps4, Rps6, and Rps7) of these genes have been deployed into public and private cultivars (Burnham et al 2003b). However, as resistance gene to Phytophthora sojae (Rps) genes have been deployed, new virulence pathotypes of P. sojae which can defeat known Rps genes have been reported making the task of breeding resistant cultivars difficult (Kaitany et al 2001;Kurle and El Araby 2001;Leitz et al 2000;Miller et al 1997;Tooley et al 1982).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resistance and partial resistance to Phytophthora sojae in early maturity group soybean plant introductions

Jia

Kurle

2007

Euphytica

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Phytophthora sojae, an important yield limiting pathogen of soybean, causes seed, seedling, root, and stem rots. Losses caused by P. sojae can be controlled by both major gene and partial resistance. Early maturity group (MG) soybeans are an increasingly important crop in northwestern Minnesota and eastern North Dakota. Early MG plant introductions (PIs) from the USDA Soybean Germplasm Collection and early MG public and private cultivars were evaluated for resistance and partial resistance to P. sojae. Of the 113 PIs, PI438445, and PI438454 exhibited resistance to P. sojae races 4, 7, 17, and 28 indicating they may possess either Rps1c, Rps1k, previously unidentified or multiple resistance gene to Phytophthora sojae (Rps) genes. Because they exhibited partial resistance equal to or greater than the standard check cultivar Conrad, three early MG soybean cultivars (MN0902, MN0302, and 91B53) were selected as standard checks to evaluate early MG PIs for partial resistance. Sixty-nine PIs were evaluated for partial resistance to P. sojae races 7 and 25 using the inoculum layer method. Of this group of PIs, 22 had the same level of partial resistance as Conrad to P. sojae race 7 while 19 had the same degree of partial resistance to race 25. Twelve PIs had same level of partial resistance as Conrad to both P. sojae races 7 and 25. The PIs and cultivars identified in this study will be of great value in developing early MG soybean cultivars suitable for planting in Canada and the northern United States.

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Virulence Composition of Phytophthora sojae in Michigan

Cited by 50 publications

References 16 publications

Genetic analysis of Phytophthora sojae populations in Fujian, China

Genetic analysis of Phytophthora sojae populations in Fujian, China

Pathogenic diversity of Phytophthora sojae pathotypes from Brazil

Resistance and partial resistance to Phytophthora sojae in early maturity group soybean plant introductions

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