Virulence and Impact of Brazilian Strains of <i>Puccinia psidii</i> on Hawaiian ‘Ōhi‘a (<i>Metrosideros polymorpha</i>)

Silva, André Costa da; Andrade, Pedro M. Teixeira De; Alfenas, Acelino C.; Graça, Rodrigo N.; Cannon, Phil; Hauff, Rob; Ferreira, Daniel Coelho; Mori, Sylvia R.

doi:10.2984/68.1.4

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…In addition to prediction of the general occurrence of myrtle rust, Stewart et al () and Berthon et al () developed models for different pathogen biotypes. While distinct biotypes of A. psidii that vary in virulence have been distinguished (Silva et al , ; Stewart et al , ), there is no evidence that these strains respond differently to environmental conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Projecting the suitability of global and local habitats for myrtle rust (Austropuccinia psidii) using model consensus

et al. 2019

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Myrtle rust (caused by Austropuccinia psidii) affects more than 500 known host species in the Myrtaceae family. Three different modelling approaches (CLIMEX, MaxEnt and Multi‐Model Framework) were used to project the habitat suitability for myrtle rust at both global and local scales. Current data on the global occurrence of myrtle rust were collected from online literature and expert solicitation. Long‐term averages of climate data (1960–1990) were sourced from WorldClim and CliMond websites. Recent reports of myrtle rust in New Zealand were used for validation of model outputs but not in model training and testing. The model outputs were combined into a consensus model to identify localities projected to be suitable for myrtle rust according to two or three models (hotspots). In addition to the locations where the pathogen is currently present, all models successfully projected independent occurrence data in New Zealand suitable for establishment of the pathogen. Climate suitability for the pathogen was primarily related to temperature followed by rainfall in MaxEnt and the CLIMEX model. The results confirmed the optimum temperature range of this pathogen in the literature (15–25 °C). Additional analysis of the precipitation variables indicated that excessive rain (more than 2000 mm in warmest quarter of the year) combined with high temperatures (>30 °C) constrain pathogen establishment. The results of the current study can be useful for countries such as New Zealand, China, South Africa and Singapore where the pathogen has not fully spread or established.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Projecting the suitability of global and local habitats for myrtle rust (Austropuccinia psidii) using model consensus

et al. 2019

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“…Silva et al. () showed that isolates of the C2/C3 biotype (eucalypt/rose apple–Brazil/Uruguay) were highly aggressive on Hawaiian ʻōhiʻa lehua plants, and Zauza et al. () showed that diverse myrtaceous species from Australia varied greatly in their resistance/susceptibility to one race (UFV‐02) of C2/C3 (eucalypt/rose apple–Brazil/Uruguay) (Graça et al., , ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Inoculation tests can help to assess threats posed by different pathogen biotypes, but environment likely plays a critical role in host susceptibility. Silva et al (2014) showed that isolates of the C2/C3 biotype (eucalypt/rose apple-Brazil/Uruguay) were highly aggressive on Hawaiian ʻōhiʻa lehua plants, and Zauza et al (2010) showed that diverse myrtaceous species from Australia varied greatly in their resistance/susceptibility to one race (UFV-02) of C2/C3 (eucalypt/rose apple-Brazil/Uruguay) (Graça et al, , 2013. When bioclimatic modelling is coupled with inoculation tests, it is clear that different biotypes pose distinct risks to various global regions, should they be introduced.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic diversity of the myrtle rust pathogen (Austropuccinia psidii) in the Americas and Hawaii: Global implications for invasive threat assessments

et al. 2017

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Summary Since the myrtle rust pathogen (Austropuccinia psidii) was first reported (as Puccinia psidii) in Brazil on guava (Psidium guajava) in 1884, it has been found infecting diverse myrtaceous species. Because A. psidii has recently spread rapidly worldwide with an extensive host range, genetic and genotypic diversities were evaluated within and among A. psidii populations in its putative native range and other areas of myrtle rust emergence in the Americas and Hawaii. Microsatellite markers revealed several unique multilocus genotypes (MLGs), which grouped isolates into nine distinct genetic clusters [C1–C9 comprising C1: from diverse hosts from Costa Rica, Jamaica, Mexico, Puerto Rico, and USA‐Hawaii, and USA‐California; C2: from eucalypts (Eucalyptus spp.) in Brazil/Uruguay and rose apple (Syzygium jambos) in Brazil; C3: from eucalypts in Brazil; C4: from diverse hosts in USA‐Florida; C5: from Java plum (Syzygium cumini) in Brazil; C6: from guava and Brazilian guava (Psidium guineense) in Brazil; C7: from pitanga (Eugenia uniflora) in Brazil; C8: from allspice (Pimenta dioica) in Jamaica and sweet flower (Myrrhinium atropurpureum) in Uruguay; C9: from jabuticaba (Myrciaria cauliflora) in Brazil]. The C1 cluster, which included a single MLG infecting diverse host in many geographic regions, and the closely related C4 cluster are considered as a “Pandemic biotype,” associated with myrtle rust emergence in Central America, the Caribbean, USA‐Florida, USA‐Hawaii, Australia, China‐Hainan, New Caledonia, Indonesia and Colombia. Based on 19 bioclimatic variables and documented occurrences of A. psidii contrasted with reduced sets of specific genetic clusters (subnetworks, considered as biotypes), maximum entropy bioclimatic modelling was used to predict geographic locations with suitable climate for A. psidii which are at risk from invasion. The genetic diversity of A. psidii throughout the Americas and Hawaii demonstrates the importance of recognizing biotypes when assessing the invasive threats posed by A. psidii around the globe.

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Environmental monitoring for invasive fungal pathogens of ʽŌhiʽa (Metrosideros polymorpha) on the Island of Hawaiʽi

Atkinson

Roy

2022

Biol Invasions

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The invasive rust Austropuccina psidii was detected in the Hawaiian Islands in 2005 and has become widely established throughout the archipelago in both native and introduced species of Myrtaceae. Initial predictions about the impacts of the fungus on native ʽōhiʽa lehua (Metrosideros polymorpha), a keystone native tree, have not materialized, but there is ongoing concern that introductions of new genotypes of the fungus could lead to widespread mortality with catastrophic effects on native ecosystems. By contrast, two recently emergent Ascomycete pathogens, Ceratocystis lukuohia (Ceratocystis wilt of ‘ōhi‘a) and C. huliohia (Ceratocystis canker of ‘ōhi‘a), collectively known to cause Rapid ʽŌhiʽa Death (ROD), are causing significant mortality in native forests on Hawaiʻi and Kauaʻi Islands, but pathways of spread are still incompletely understood. We used a network of passive environmental samplers for collecting windblown urediniospores of Austropuccina to evaluate the effectiveness of environmental monitoring to detect seasonal and landscape-scale differences in airborne propagules of this rust on Hawai`i Island. The samplers were also used to determine if windborn ambrosia beetle frass or spores of Ceratocystis can spread long distances. We found frequent detections and regional and seasonal differences in numbers of samplers that were positive for urediniospores of Austropuccinia, but little evidence of long-distance airborne dispersal of the ROD-causing fungi. The simple, inexpensive platform for sampling airborne fungal spores that we used may have value as a monitoring tool for detecting spread of airborne fungal pathogens, evaluating habitats for suitability for restoration efforts, and for detecting new pathogen introductions, particularly new Austropuccinia genotypes both in Hawaiʻi and other parts of the world.

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Virulence and Impact of Brazilian Strains of Puccinia psidii on Hawaiian ‘Ōhi‘a (Metrosideros polymorpha)

Cited by 9 publications

References 11 publications

Projecting the suitability of global and local habitats for myrtle rust (Austropuccinia psidii) using model consensus

Projecting the suitability of global and local habitats for myrtle rust (Austropuccinia psidii) using model consensus

Genetic diversity of the myrtle rust pathogen (Austropuccinia psidii) in the Americas and Hawaii: Global implications for invasive threat assessments

Environmental monitoring for invasive fungal pathogens of ʽŌhiʽa (Metrosideros polymorpha) on the Island of Hawaiʽi

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