Virtualized EAST–WEST PON architecture supporting low-latency communication for mobile functional split based on multiaccess edge computing

Das, Sandip; Slyne, Frank; Kaszubowska, A.; Ruffini, Marco

doi:10.1364/jocn.391929

Cited by 19 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Among the works that propose split selection policies, a group of them pay special attention to the optical fronthaul. In this sense, a novel mobile fronthaul architecture to reduce latency in functional split enabled networks is proposed in [37], while the authors of [38] introduce different techniques with the goal of minimizing the delay. Similarly, the available capacity of the optical network is considered in [39], [40] as a constraint in the split selection procedure, while wavelength usage and transponder cost of optical networks is addressed in [41].…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexible Functional Split and Fronthaul Delay: A Queuing-Based Model

et al. 2021

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We study the delay over virtual RAN (vRAN) topologies, entailing base stations that are divided into centralized and distributed units, as well as the packet-switched fronthaul network that connects them. We consider the use of flexible functional split, where the functions that are executed at each of these two entities can be dynamically shifted. We propose a queuing-based model, which is able to precisely mimic the behavior of such nodes, and we validate it by means of extensive simulations. We also exploit Jackson Networks theory to establish the end-to-end delay over the fronthaul network, allowing us to assess the impact of having different networking policies and conditions (for instance, background traffic or heterogeneous technologies). Thanks to the simulator we can also broaden the analysis, by studying the delay variability. In addition, we conduct an in-depth analysis of the performance exhibited by a realistic network setup, whose particular characteristics might hinder the services performance, due to the longer dwell times at each split configuration. The results evince the validity of the proposed model, even under realistic conditions. We show that it might not be enough to guarantee an average stable operation of the centralized/distributed units, but the traffic load should remain below the slowest service rate, to avoid reaching unacceptable delays. An increase of > 100× is observed in the delay, using the realistic network setup, when these conditions do not hold.• We first extend the DU/CU model, by considering not only different service rates per split configuration, but also dwell times. In addition, this enhanced model also permits having different stand-by times after each split, and avoids the possibility of going to the same split after leaving it. • We exploit Jackson Theory and the CU/DU model to yield the overall end-to-end delay, considering the

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexible Functional Split and Fronthaul Delay: A Queuing-Based Model

et al. 2021

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“…The traffic between VMs placed in different servers is based on VMs communication that can be considered an "east-west" traffic. The east-west traffic increases the networking power consumption in the data centres environment [17], [18]. Therefore, considering the inter-VMs traffic in the VMs placement optimization is essential in order to achieve an energy-efficient fog computing environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Efficient Resource Allocation in Federated Fog Computing Networks

Alqahtani¹,

Yosuf²,

Mohamed³

et al. 2021

2021 IEEE Conference on Standards for Communications and Networking (CSCN)

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There is a continuous growth in demand for time sensitive applications which has shifted the cloud paradigm from a centralized computing architecture towards distributed heterogeneous computing platforms where resources located at the edge of the network are used to provide cloud-like services. This paradigm is widely known as fog computing. Virtual machines (VMs) have been widely utilized in both paradigms to enhance the network scalability, improve resource utilization, and energy efficiency. Moreover, Passive Optical Networks (PONs) are a technology suited to handling the enormous volumes of data generated in the access network due to their energy efficiency and large bandwidth. In this paper, we utilize a PON to provide the connectivity between multiple distributed fog units to achieve federated (i.e., cooperative) computing units in the access network to serve intensive demands. We propose a mixed integer linear program (MILP) to optimize the VM placement in the federated fog computing units with the objective of minimizing the total power consumption while considering inter-VM traffic. The results show a significant power saving as a result of the proposed optimization model by up to 52%, in the VM-allocation compared to a baseline approach that allocates the VM requests while neglecting the power consumption and inter-VMs traffic in the optimization framework.

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“…In this work, we address the dynamic network connectivity problem of an access network where a mesh PON topology enables dynamic interconnection of RUs, MEC nodes and central offices. The virtualized mesh topology can be created according to [7] where MEC nodes can be placed at the PON endpoints and EAST-WEST communication between PON end nodes can be established using Wavelength Loop Back (WLB) technique with reflective splitters. Here we are able to create virtual PON slices (whose capacity is allocated through dynamic use of wavelength channels) to enable direct communications between RUs and MEC nodes (hosting DUs and possibly CUs) to support operation of C-RAN instances.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this work we assume such direct connectivity is achieved through Fibre Bragg Grating reflectors located at splitter locations (as with our previous work in [7]), although our solution is transparent to the specific physical layer implementation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal virtual PON slicing to support ultra-low latency mesh traffic pattern in MEC-based Cloud-RAN

Das¹,

Ruffini²

2021

Preprint

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As progressive densification of cells, deployment of Cloud-RAN and Multi Access Edge Computing (MEC) are coming into reality to support the ultra low latency with high reliability in 5G and beyond, it generates mesh traffic pattern across fronthaul network. This led to evolution of PON architectural enhancements with virtualization in order to support such mesh traffic pattern. However, allocation of virtual PON slices dynamically over such mesh-PON based fronthaul transport is becoming a research challenge. In this paper, we provide a mixed analytical-iterative model to compute optimal virtual PON slice allocation, providing mesh access connectivity with ultra-low end-to-end latency in next generation MEC-based Cloud-RAN. Our proposed method can compute optimal virtual PON slice allocation in timescales compatible with real-time or near realtime operations.

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Virtualized EAST–WEST PON architecture supporting low-latency communication for mobile functional split based on multiaccess edge computing

Cited by 19 publications

References 13 publications

Flexible Functional Split and Fronthaul Delay: A Queuing-Based Model

Flexible Functional Split and Fronthaul Delay: A Queuing-Based Model

Energy Efficient Resource Allocation in Federated Fog Computing Networks

Optimal virtual PON slicing to support ultra-low latency mesh traffic pattern in MEC-based Cloud-RAN

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