Virtualising and orchestrating a 5G evolved packet core network

Lake, David A.; Foster, G.; Vural, Serdar; Rahulan, Yogaratnam; Oh, Bong-Hwan; Wang, Ning; Tafazolli, Rahim

doi:10.1109/netsoft.2017.8004215

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The MANO framework originally developed as part of the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) NFV work which grew from the Clarke presentation is applicable for instantiation and operation of elements in a 5G sliced network core as in essence, the 5G core is a use-case of the overall NFV architecture. Experiences of building 5G sliced networks in this manner are discussed by Mayoral et al [41] and Lake et al [42].…”

Section: ) Nfvmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Softwarization of 5G Networks–Implications to Open Platforms and Standardizations

et al. 2021

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Section: ) Nfvmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite much performance measurement and documentation of the issues of network performance in virtual environments including lessons learnt within the 5G Innovation Centre [42], the issue of function placement and associated network performance especially for VNFs hosting UPFs remains an open research question.…”

Section: ) Balancing Performance and Flexibilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Softwarization of 5G Networks–Implications to Open Platforms and Standardizations

et al. 2021

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“…The EPC is a 2 × 64 × 86 server with 124 GB of memory and has a 2 × 10 Gbps link aggregation group (LAG) connection in all wired directions, towards Next generation NodeB (gNB) and Evolved Node B (eNB). The mobile network software consisted of 4G Mobility Management Entity (MME), Serving Gateway (SGW), Packet Data Network Gateway (PGW) with option 3.X architecture [48], where I implemented a minimal architecture design with only having the S6a interface outside of this. The system did not include any interface other than the minimal design.…”

Section: Measurement Equipmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards Traffic Identification and Modeling for 5G Application Use-Cases

2020

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To analyze next-generation mobile networks properly, there is a need to define key performance indicators (KPIs). Testing signaling only or just partial domains of the network have been replaced with end-to-end testing methodologies. With the appearing of machine-to-machine (M2M) applications, this question became even harder, since there is no direct user feedback. Quality of experience cannot be measured accurately in M2M applications, even if the network operates correctly and without failures. There are dozens of new—but theoretical—use-cases for 5G; however, these are not tested on a live network. The modeling methodology used throughout the paper follows the steps of observation, analysis, model creation, implementation, and verification. The first part of the paper examines the three application-types: enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), critical Internet of Things (cIoT), and mass Internet of Things (mIoT). Afterwards, we introduce the main traffic characteristics based on current mobile networks’ traffic patterns and measurements. Considering the measurement results, we introduce a methodology and define traffic models for the simulation of different application-types. To validate these models, we compare the generated artificial traffic with real traffic patterns. In the second part of the paper, we examine what the main effects of these traffic patterns on a domestic 5G test-network are. Finally, we suggest some considerations on the possible main impacts regarding 5G network design.

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“…There are some costs for our NOS-EPC as well. The replacements of dedicated hardware with commodity servers lead to consistent degradation (nearly 7% degradation [32]) on the aspect of the processing capacity. Second, the deployments of GNV need to be further investigated.…”

Section: The Comparisons Between Nos-epc and The Other Epc Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Innovative EPC Architecture based on Not Only Stack for beyond 5G Mobile Networks

Wu¹,

Ge²,

Zeng³

et al. 2019

Adv. sci. technol. eng. syst. j.

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The traditional long-term evolved (LTE) network architecture faces major challenges due to the rapid development of mobile intelligent applications. Evolved packet core (EPC) network, as the core network of the LTE system, faces the same problem as well. In this paper, we propose an innovative EPC architecture, i.e., Not only stack (NOS)-EPC, in which we redesign the control paradigm based on the NOS framework. NOS-EPC contains the user plane (U-plane), the control plane (C-plane), the management plane (M-plane), and the global network view (GNV). By using NOS framework, distributed control paradigm is turned into a centralized manner which simplifies the signaling flows, reducing the procedure latency and overheads. The operation of NOS-EPC is expounded by four main EMM procedures, including initial attachment, service request, handover, and detachment. Through comparison to LTE/EPC, and software-defined networking(SDN)-EPC, we elaborate the advantages of NOS-EPC on operating expense (OPEX), scalability, flexibility, signaling overheads, and user traffic transmission capability. The simulation results confirm that the proposed NOS-EPC takes advantages on the procedure latency and signalling overheads compared to the other EPC solutions, e.g., LTE/EPC and SDN-EPC.

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Virtualising and orchestrating a 5G evolved packet core network

Cited by 9 publications

References 5 publications

Softwarization of 5G Networks–Implications to Open Platforms and Standardizations

Softwarization of 5G Networks–Implications to Open Platforms and Standardizations

Towards Traffic Identification and Modeling for 5G Application Use-Cases

An Innovative EPC Architecture based on Not Only Stack for beyond 5G Mobile Networks

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