This article critically discusses the new trends in virtual reality-based (psycho) therapy for anxiety disorders. After an initial brief presentation of anxiety disorders and their current traditional evidence-based treatments (e.g., cognitive-behavioral therapies; CBTs), current models of virtual reality-based therapy are presented and examined. The paper emphasizes that virtual reality-based therapy is not a new form of therapy, but a technological development in the current evidence-based therapies (e.g., virtual reality-based CBTs). New trends in virtual reality-based therapy are also presented. To date, research supports the efficacy of virtual reality-based CBTs for anxiety disorders. The paper also discusses advantages of virtual reality (VR) technologies in (1) clarifying theory/mechanisms of change; (2) potentially reducing costs and increasing access and (3) stimulating more ecological research in the CBT. The need for further studies using VR is also highlighted.The last two decades have witnessed an increasing effort to integrate technological developments into the research and practice of clinical psychology and psychotherapy. Today, new approaches integrating technological components such as computer-assisted therapy, internet-based intervention, cognitive bias modification, and virtual reality exposure therapy, have become more widely used in mental