Virtual Reality Hypnosis in the Electrophysiology Lab: When Human Treatments Are Better than Virtual Ones

Abstract

Aims: Virtual reality hypnosis (VRH) has been used successfully in various clinical settings to decrease anxiety and the sensation of pain. We aimed to investigate the feasibility and safety of VRH in patients undergoing electrophysiology and pacing procedures under conscious sedation. Methods: During a two-month period, VRH support was proposed and accepted by 25 patients undergoing electrophysiological procedures. Data were compared with a control group (n = 61) enrolled during the following three-month period. Both groups underwent the measurement of the duration of intervention, the consumption of analgesics and hypnotics, and their pain and comfort using a validated visual analogue scale (VAS 0−10). Results: The baseline characteristics were comparable in both groups, including age. There were no differences in procedure duration (46 (±29) vs. 56 (±32) min, p = 0.18) or in hypnotic/antalgic consumption (midazolam 1.95 (±1.44) vs. 2.00 (±1.22) mg, p = 0.83; sufentanyl 3.78 (±2.87) vs. 3.58 (±2.48) μg, p = 0.9) between the control and VRH groups. In a multivariate analysis, the use of VRH was independently associated with lower comfort during the procedure assessed by postoperative visual analogue scale (OR 15.00 [95% CI 4.77−47.16], p < 0.01). There was no influence of VRH use on pain or drug consumption. Conclusions: In our experience, compared with VRH, human care is preferable during procedures in electrophysiology lab to improve the comfort of the patient. VRH has no influence on pain or drug consumption.

Effects of virtual reality and acupressure interventions on pain, anxiety, vital signs and comfort in catheter extraction processes for patients undergoing coronary angiography: A randomized controlled trial

“…In relation to VR interventions reported in the literature, Roxburgh et al (2021) found that using VR during atrial fibrillation ablation procedures had a positive effect on patient comfort. Similarly, Coulibaly et al (2022) found that applying VR interventions in a cardiology laboratory for patients who underwent electrophysiology resulted in increased comfort levels. In contrast, Veldhuijzen et al (2020) found no significant difference in pain, anxiety or comfort levels with a VR method used for patients undergoing colonoscopy, but the patients reported being satisfied with the experience.…”

Sensory stimulations potentializing digital therapeutics pain control

“…Meanwhile, it has recently been shown that hypnosis added with VR can effectively reduce pain, as well as anxiety and fatigue, in patients undergoing cardiac surgery ( 110 , 111 ). However, it is important to notice that a study recently showed that human care was preferable to hypnosis through VR in patients undergoing electrophysiology and pacing procedures to improve their comfort ( 20 ).…”