Virtual reality graded exposure in the treatment of acrophobia: A case report

Rothbaum, Barbara O.; Hodges, Larry F.; Kooper, Rob; Opdyke, Dan; Williford, James S.; North, Max M.

doi:10.1016/s0005-7894(05)80100-5

Cited by 290 publications

(194 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…This is ideal for clinical research because exposure and testing is identical between patients, is well-controlled by the therapist, and occurs within the spatial and temporal confines of the limited therapy environment. 329 VRE has proved to be successful for the treatment of specific phobias as well as PTSD. [329][330][331] In the DCS study, the virtual reality situation involved a glass elevator ascending to progressively higher floors of a virtual hotel.…”

Section: Dcs Facilitates Exposure Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…329 VRE has proved to be successful for the treatment of specific phobias as well as PTSD. [329][330][331] In the DCS study, the virtual reality situation involved a glass elevator ascending to progressively higher floors of a virtual hotel. Previous work had shown improvements on all acrophobia outcome measures for treated as compared to untreated groups after seven weekly therapy sessions using this scenario.…”

Section: Dcs Facilitates Exposure Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous work had shown improvements on all acrophobia outcome measures for treated as compared to untreated groups after seven weekly therapy sessions using this scenario. 329 Volunteer participants who met DSM-IV criteria for acrophobia were assigned randomly to groups receiving placebo or one of two doses of DCS (50 or 500 mg) in conjunction with VRE. Participants underwent a suboptimal amount of exposure therapy for acrophobia (two VRE sessions) 329 and were instructed to take a single dose of study medication 2-4 h before each session (sessions were separated by 1-2 weeks; mean 12.9 days).…”

Section: Dcs Facilitates Exposure Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mechanisms of fear extinction

2006

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Excessive fear and anxiety are hallmarks of a variety of disabling anxiety disorders that affect millions of people throughout the world. Hence, a greater understanding of the brain mechanisms involved in the inhibition of fear and anxiety is attracting increasing interest in the research community. In the laboratory, fear inhibition most often is studied through a procedure in which a previously fear conditioned organism is exposed to a fear-eliciting cue in the absence of any aversive event. This procedure results in a decline in conditioned fear responses that is attributed to a process called fear extinction. Extensive empirical work by behavioral psychologists has revealed basic behavioral characteristics of extinction, and theoretical accounts have emphasized extinction as a form of inhibitory learning as opposed to an erasure of acquired fear. Guided by this work, neuroscientists have begun to dissect the neural mechanisms involved, including the regions in which extinction-related plasticity occurs and the cellular and molecular processes that are engaged. The present paper will cover behavioral, theoretical and neurobiological work, and will conclude with a discussion of clinical implications. Molecular Psychiatry (2007) 12, 120-150.

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Section: Dcs Facilitates Exposure Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Dcs Facilitates Exposure Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Dcs Facilitates Exposure Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mechanisms of fear extinction

2006

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“…For example, VR has been used to train surgical residents to carry out a variety of invasive procedures such as knee arthoscopy, and medical students have been taught to palpate tumours and to insert epidural anaesthesia (Satava, 1996). The treatment of psychological dysfunction including phobias (Rothbaum et al, 1995), post-traumatic stress disorder (Rothbaum et al, 1999) and eating and body image disorders (Riva and Melis, 1997) has been highly successful. Recently, VR has been used as a medium for the assessment and rehabilitation of cognitive processes, such as visual perception and executive functioning (Pugnetti et al, 1998;Rizzo et al, 2000).…”

Section: Applications Of Virtual Reality In Rehabilitationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and testing of a virtual environment to train stroke patients with unilateral spatial neglect to cross a street safely

Weiss

Naveh

Katz

2003

Occupation Therapy Intl

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“…D'autres études ont montré que cette amélioration clinique était supérieure à celle obtenue dans un groupe contrôle de type liste d'attente ou relaxation, notamment dans le cas de l'acrophobie [16], de l'arachnophobie [8], de la phobie sociale [11], ou de la phobie de l'avion [14]. Enfin, plusieurs études contrôlées comparant directement l'exposition in virtuo et l'exposition in vivo ont conclu à une efficacité comparable des deux méthodes, en particulier en cas de phobie sociale [12], de phobie de l'avion [18,21] et d'acrophobie [6].…”

Section: éTudes D'efficacitéunclassified