Virtual reality-based smartphone application for animal exposure

Hnoohom, Narit; Nateeraitaiwa, Suppanut

doi:10.1109/icdamt.2017.7905004

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Peer-reviewed journal articles and conference articles were included in the search findings but not editorials, commentaries, reviews (Table 2). Conference articles were included due to the recent emergence of this area of research and several relevant conference articles specifically focusing on human interactions with a VR or AR dog model (e.g., Hnoohom and Nateeraitaiwa, 2017;Norouzi et al, 2019).…”

Section: Identification Of Relevant Studies and Search Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, accurate behaviour representation is important to consider, especially in the case of dog phobic participants. The display of subtle (e.g., growling, barking) and more intense (e.g., running towards, lunging or attacking (Hnoohom and Nateeraitaiwa, 2017)) behaviours towards participants is likely to be required for realistic treatment but also may cause significant stress and needs careful consideration in this context.…”

Section: Dog Behavioursmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Systematic Scoping Review of Human-Dog Interactions in Virtual and Augmented Reality: The Use of Virtual Dog Models and Immersive Equipment

Oxley

Santa

Meyer

et al. 2022

Front. Virtual Real.

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Virtual reality is beneficial from a research and education perspective as it allows the assessment of participants in situations that would otherwise be ethically and practically difficult or impossible to study in the real world. This is especially the case where the assessment of human behaviour in the presence of stimuli (e.g. an aggressive dog) is being measured which could potentially constitute a risk in a real-world environment (e.g. a dog bite). Given that the dog is the most popular companion animal species, to date there is limited research that identifies and reviews the use of virtual and augmented reality directly relating to human-dog interactions. Furthermore, there also appears to be no review of the equipment and dog model specifications, such as dog breed and behaviours, which are currently used in these studies. As a result, this systematic scoping review searched ten databases to assess the current use and specifications of dog models which directly focused on human-dog interactions. Ten articles were identified. Six related to assessment or treatment of dog fear/phobia (cynophobia), three included multiple animal phobias, including dogs, and one article investigated the human and virtual dog interactions whilst walking. Six articles used a single breed (German Shepherd, Beagle, Doberman, and Rottweiler). Both the breed and behaviours displayed lacked justification and were often not evidence based. Specific measurements of model quality (e.g., polygons/vertices) were reported in only two articles which may affect repeatability and make comparisons between studies difficult. The virtual reality equipment (e.g. CAVE, head mounted display) and navigation methods (e.g. joystick, mouse, room scale walking) used varied between studies. In conclusion, there is a need for the accurate development and representation, including appearance and behaviours, of dog models in virtual and augmented reality. This is of high importance especially as most of the research covered in this review was conducted with the aim to treat the fear or phobia of dogs.

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Section: Identification Of Relevant Studies and Search Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Dog Behavioursmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Scoping Review of Human-Dog Interactions in Virtual and Augmented Reality: The Use of Virtual Dog Models and Immersive Equipment

Oxley

Santa

Meyer

et al. 2022

Front. Virtual Real.

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“…Methods to help cynophobic persons overcome their fear of dogs include exposure techniques which consist of exposing a phobic person to the stimulus that causes them fear in a safe environment. Some favor an exposure approach with actual dogs ( May et al, 2013 ; Tyner et al, 2016 ; Farrell, Kershaw & Ollendick, 2018 ) while others take advantage of the advancement in technology to develop virtual reality applications ( Hnoohom & Nateeraitaiwa, 2017 ; Farrell et al, 2021 ). Both methods have shown promising results with significant decreases in fear and sometimes “recovery”.…”

Section: Risk or Detrimental Effects Of Child-dog Interactions For Ch...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Are children and dogs best friends? A scoping review to explore the positive and negative effects of child-dog interactions

Giraudet

McElligott

et al. 2022

PeerJ

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Personal wellbeing is greatly influenced by our childhood and adolescence, and the relationships formed during those phases of our development. The human-dog bond represents a significant relationship that started thousands of years ago. There is a higher prevalence of dog ownership around the world, especially in households including children. This has resulted in a growing number of researchers studying our interactions with dogs and an expanding evidence base from the exploration of child-dog interactions. We review the potential effects of child-dog interactions on the physical, mental, and social wellbeing of both species. A search of the SCOPUS database identified documents published between January 1980 and April 2022. Filtering for key inclusion criteria, duplicate removals, and inspecting the references of these documents for additional sources, we reviewed a total of 393 documents, 88% of which were scientific articles. We were able to define the numerous ways in which children and dogs interact, be it neutral (e.g., sharing a common area), positive (e.g., petting), or negative (e.g., biting). Then, we found evidence for an association between childhood interaction with dogs and an array of benefits such as increased physical activities, a reduction of stress, and the development of empathy. Nonetheless, several detrimental outcomes have also been identified for both humans and dogs. Children are the most at-risk population regarding dog bites and dog-borne zoonoses, which may lead to injuries/illness, a subsequent fear of dogs, or even death. Moreover, pet bereavement is generally inevitable when living with a canine companion and should not be trivialized. With a canine focus, children sometimes take part in caretaking behaviors toward them, such as feeding or going for walks. These represent opportunities for dogs to relieve themselves outside, but also to exercise and socialize. By contrast, a lack of physical activity can lead to the onset of obesity in both dogs and children. Dogs may present greater levels of stress when in the presence of children. Finally, the welfare of assistance, therapy, and free-roaming dogs who may interact with children remains underexplored. Overall, it appears that the benefits of child-dog interactions outweigh the risks for children but not for dogs; determination of the effects on both species, positive as well as negative, still requires further development. We call for longitudinal studies and cross-cultural research in the future to better understand the impact of child-dog interactions. Our review is important for people in and outside of the scientific community, to pediatricians, veterinarians, and current or future dog owners seeking to extend their knowledge, and to inform future research of scientists studying dogs and human-animal interactions.

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“…Narit Hnoohom et al [19] designed a virtual reality smartphone application for users to encounter their dog phobia. The experimental setup consisted of an android mobile embedded with a gyroscope sensor, full-size headphones, and HMD.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis of Phobic Anxiety Disorders using Virtual Reality Environment

Munir¹,

Saleem²

2022

Preprint

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<p>Today, Mental health problems are getting grave and need technological solutions. Irrational anticipated fear is Anxiety Disorder. Specific Phobia disorders are a type of Anxiety disorder; these phobias are rarely detected in clinical settings and are presence indicators of other serious mental problems. VR is considered a potent tool for treatment and diagnosis. In this study, we investigated the parameters for predicting participants' severity level of Cynophobia and Astraphobia by using the following measures: "APA Specific Phobia Severity Measure - Adult", "Distance and Time", "Heart Rate and Oxygen levels for each level" in VR-specific-phobia diagnostic environment, "symptoms" observed during experimentation, and "causes" described by DSM-5. The "APA Specific Phobia Severity Measure - Adult" is attributed as the standard used by psychiatrists for clinical evaluation. We used the score of this measure to classify instances for each participant. The other parameters serve as attributes for predicting class, implementing the process of Data Mining. The literature supports the prior mentioned parameters for assessing severity levels for specific phobia. The participant walks or runs along a road in a Virtual Reality Environment to achieve the objective. The first scenario is a neutral environment with no phobic stimulus; the afterward situations pose for a dog cue, thunder lightning stimulus, and a combination of both stimulation consecutively. The 'Distance' traveled and 'Time' taken in units for each VR scenario generated using a Bluetooth controller is saved in a file with time stamps. The participant subsequently fills Google Form to record the parameters. The dataset is converted to ARFF format, and the process of Knowledge Discovery is applied using the WEKA tool. The results suggest that the presence of Cynophobia and Astraphobia are highly interrelated. The study advised that Dog-Phobia severity level confidently predicts with the parameters "Age", "Time" in Neutral scenario, "Distance" covered in Cynophobic scenario", "Difference in Oxygen levels" of Cynophobic VRE and scenario with both (Dog and Thunder Lightning) stimuli and "DSMAstraphobia". The research analysis concludes that thunder-lightning phobia severity level effectively forecasts with these attributes: "Velocity", "Distance" and "Time" in Neutral VRE scenario"; "Velocity", "Time" VRE scenario for both pre-mentioned phobic stimuli; "Time" in Cynophobic scenario, "Velocity" calculated in Astraphobic VRE, "Age" of the participant and DSMCynophobia. This study will help in suggesting standards for diagnosing mental health problems with the advantages of VR.<br></p>

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Virtual reality-based smartphone application for animal exposure

Cited by 11 publications

References 6 publications

A Systematic Scoping Review of Human-Dog Interactions in Virtual and Augmented Reality: The Use of Virtual Dog Models and Immersive Equipment

A Systematic Scoping Review of Human-Dog Interactions in Virtual and Augmented Reality: The Use of Virtual Dog Models and Immersive Equipment

Are children and dogs best friends? A scoping review to explore the positive and negative effects of child-dog interactions

Diagnosis of Phobic Anxiety Disorders using Virtual Reality Environment

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