Virtual Reality AYRA Software for Preoperative Planning in Facial Allotransplantation

Abstract

In facial transplantation, preoperative planning is crucial to select an allograft whose anatomical compatibility with the recipient defect is as close as possible. The dimensions of the potential face donor must be congruent to ensure the procedure's feasibility and the adequate insertion of the allograft into the defect. The recording of anthropometric measurements with the virtual reality software displayed an equivalent correlation to those produced using a conventional analogue method. The 3D reconstructions obtained by using a virtual reality software can play a useful role to facilitate the characterization of the donor face.

3D printed models for planning endovascular stenting in transverse aortic arch hypoplasia

“…The process of generating a 3D model comprises the following steps: Image acquisition of 3D medical images (MRI contrast enhanced angiography, Philips Ingenia 1.5 T MRI, reconstructed voxel size 1.5 mm 3 , 3 dynamics, contrast dose of 0.1 mmol/kg of Magnevist), segmentation of the images to isolate the aorta and left ventricle and excluding other non‐relevant anatomical structures using a commercially available software AYRA (Ikiria, Spain) , Computer‐Aided Design process to convert the segmented 3D geometry into a valid file for the 3D printers, and finally rapid prototyping by depositing fused polymer filament by incremental layers of 1 mm. Two different polylactic acid polymers were used in our study, a rigid (PLA 4043D, NatureWorks LLC) and a flexible (Filaflex, Recreus, Spain) polymer (i.e., two 3D models were constructed).…”

Preoperative Planning of Virtual Osteotomies Followed by Fabrication of Patient Specific Reconstruction Plate for Secondary Correction and Fixation of Displaced Bilateral Mandibular Body Fracture

“…15,16 And ultimately, the need for VSP in facial transplantation surgery, or vascularized composite allotransplantation (VCA), has been clearly emphasized in reports from several centres. [17][18][19] Indeed, there remain some areas of refinement to this technique, e.g., the problem with artifacts from dental fillings in CT/CBCT scans. Intraoral laser scanning of the occlusion and the segmentation of data files from scanning and DICOM-data into a 3-D computer model of the craniofacial area may offer a solution to this problem and an area where research is undertaken at the moment.…”

“…In an elective setting for surgical intervention with meticulous preoperative planning that represents this surgical field, fabrication of cutting guides and fabrication of implants for fixation must be a favorable path for successful and predictable procedures 1516. And ultimately, the need for VSP in facial transplantation surgery, or vascularized composite allotransplantation (VCA), has been clearly emphasized in reports from several centres 171819…”

Donor–recipient matching in hand transplantation: a comparison of anthropometric measurements, 3-dimensional virtual models and printed epitheses

“…The cadavers were thawed at room temperature for 24 hours, and following contrast injection into the brachial artery, a computed tomography angiography (CTA) was performed on each specimen, generating a set of radiological images in Digital Imaging and Communication in Medicine (DICOM) format. Next, a 3-D reconstruction of the limbs was performed using the VirSSPA Software (Virtual Servicio Salud Pu ´blica Andalucı ´a, Andalusian Public Health Service, Andalucia, Spain) (Fernandez-Alvarez et al, 2014;Suarez-Mejias et al, 2015). Twelve real-scale virtual models of the extremities were obtained (Figure 1): subsequently, a reference point located 6 cm proximal to the styloid process of the radius was established.…”