Virtual Reality Applications to Address the Wounds of War

Buckwalter, J. Galen; Reist, Chris; Rothbaum, Barbara O.; Lange, Belinda; Talbot, Thomas B.; Forbell, Eric; Difede, JoAnn; Koenig, S.

doi:10.3928/00485713-20130306-08

Cited by 36 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Non-immersive VR is also commonly used to support interaction with Virtual Human (VH) agents. These types of applications have focused on VH conversational interactions for training novice clinicians using virtual patients (Talbot, Sagae, John, & Rizzo, 2012; Rizzo et al, 2016a), providing users with a private, online VH context for accessing/discussing health care information (Bickmore, Utami, Matsuyama, & Paasche-Orlow, 2016; Rizzo et al, 2013, 2015b), and for automating a clinical assessment with VH interviewer (Rizzo et al, 2016b). …”

Section: Virtual Reality Definitions and Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, the SimCoach project (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PGYUqTvE6Jo&t=7s) (Rizzo et al, 2013, 2015b) resulted in a web-accessible online conversational guide for promoting access to psychological healthcare information (www.simcoach.org). The system was designed for use by SMs and Veterans and arose from the recognition that certain ‘barriers to care’ lessened the likelihood that this population would seek psychological care from a live provider.…”

Section: Virtual Humans For Clinician Training Healthcare Informatiomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Within that context, the present paper will summarize the ways that researchers and clinicians have employed VR to create relevant simulations that can be applied to the prevention, assessment, and treatment of PTSD. Some of the discussion in the current paper includes topics that have been discussed in previous papers, which may be consulted for deeper analysis (Rizzo et al, 2013; Rizzo, Buckwalter, & Neumann, 1997; Rizzo et al, 2010; Rizzo & Koenig, in press; Rizzo et al, 2017; Rizzo, Schultheis, Kerns, & Mateer, 2004). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This recognition of the potential impact of VR technology has led to the emergence of a significant, albeit still maturing, research literature that documents the many clinical and research targets where VR can add value relative to traditional assessment and intervention methods. A short list of the areas where Clinical VR has been usefully applied includes fear reduction in persons with specific phobias (Morina et al, 2015; Opris et al, 2012; Parsons & Rizzo, 2008; Powers & Emmelkamp, 2008), treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder (Beidel, Frueh, Neer, & Lejuez, 2017; Botella et al, 2015; Difede & Hoffman, 2002; Difede et al, 2007, 2014; Maples-Keller et al, 2017; McLay et al, 2011; Rizzo et al, 2010, 2013, 2017; Rothbaum, Hodges, Ready, Graap, & Alarcon, 2001; Rothbaum et al, 2014), cue-exposure for addiction and relapse prevention (Hone-Blanchet, Wensing, & Fecteau, 2014; Yoon et al, 2014), depression (Falconer et al, 2016), paranoid delusions (Freeman et al, 2016), discomfort reduction in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy (Schneider, Kisby, & Flint, 2010), acute pain reduction during wound care and physical therapy with burn patients (Hoffman et al, 2011), other painful procedures (Gold et al, 2006; Mosadeghi, Reid, Martinez, Rosen, & Spiegel, 2016), body image disturbances in patients with eating disorders (Riva, 2011), navigation and spatial training in children and adults with motor impairments (John, Pop, Day, Ritsos, & Headleand, 2017), functional skill training and motor rehabilitation in patients with central nervous system dysfunction (e.g. stroke, traumatic brain injury, spinal cord injury, cerebral palsy, multiple sclerosis, etc.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Clinical Virtual Reality tools to advance the prevention, assessment, and treatment of PTSD

Rizzo

Shilling

2017

European Journal of Psychotraumatology

142

107

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Numerous reports indicate that the incidence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in Operation Enduring Freedom/Operation Iraqi Freedom/Operation New Dawn (OEF/OIF/OND) military personnel has created a significant behavioural healthcare challenge. These findings have served to motivate research on how to better develop and disseminate evidence-based treatments for PTSD. The current article presents the use of Virtual Reality (VR) as a clinical tool to address the assessment, prevention, and treatment of PTSD, based on the VR projects that were evolved at the University of Southern California Institute for Creative Technologies since 2004. A brief discussion of the definition and rationale for the clinical use of VR is followed by a description of a VR application designed for the delivery of prolonged exposure (PE) for treating Service Members (SMs) and Veterans with combat- and sexual assault-related PTSD. The expansion of the virtual treatment simulations of Iraq and Afghanistan for PTSD assessment and prevention is then presented. This is followed by a forward-looking discussion that details early efforts to develop virtual human agent systems that serve the role of virtual patients for training the next generation of clinical providers, as healthcare guides that can be used to support anonymous access to trauma-relevant behavioural healthcare information, and as clinical interviewers capable of automated behaviour analysis of users to infer psychological state. The paper will conclude with a discussion of VR as a tool for breaking down barriers to care in addition to its direct application in assessment and intervention.

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Section: Virtual Reality Definitions and Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Virtual Humans For Clinician Training Healthcare Informatiomentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Clinical Virtual Reality tools to advance the prevention, assessment, and treatment of PTSD

Rizzo

Shilling

2017

European Journal of Psychotraumatology

142

107

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Over the last 20 years, my lab has focused on developing and testing virtual reality (VR) systems (Rizzo et al, 2013). The guiding principle underlying this effort is that VR is a tool for amplifying the impact of evidence-based cognitive-behavioural treatment and extending the skills of already well-trained clinicians – not replacing them!…”

Section: Professor Dr Skip Rizzomentioning

confidence: 99%

What I have changed my mind about and why: public health and technology perspectives in the field of trauma studies

Schnurr

Bryant

Berliner³

et al. 2017

European Journal of Psychotraumatology

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Background: This paper is based on a panel discussion at the 32nd annual meeting of the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies in Dallas, Texas, in November 2016. Objective: Paula Schnurr convened a panel of experts in the fields of public health and technology to address the topic: ‘What I have changed my mind about and why.’ Method: The panel included Richard Bryant, Lucy Berliner, Dean Kilpatrick, Albert (‘Skip’) Rizzo, and Josef Ruzek. Results: Panellists discussed innovative strategies for the dissemination of scientific knowledge and evidence-based treatment. Conclusions: Although there are effective treatments, there is a need to enhance the effectiveness of these treatments. There also is a need to develop simpler, low-cost strategies to disseminate effective treatments. However, technology approaches also offer pathways to increased dissemination. Researchers must communicate scientific findings more effectively to impact public opinion and public policy.

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The Impact of Virtual Reality Exposure on Stress Level and Sense of Competence in Ambulance Workers

Chaabane

Étienne

Schyns

et al. 2021

Journal of Traumatic Stress

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Virtual reality (VR) exposure is used in clinical psychology to treat anxiety disorders. It is also used to enhance resilience in soldiers by allowing them to confront virtual combat environments to help fortify them against the negative consequences of trauma exposure. Most VR studies have focused on military and emergency medical staff; however, thus far, none have investigated VR in ambulance workers (AWs), who are confronted with traumatic situations daily. The current study aimed to assess the impact of a single VR exposure session on self-perceived competence and stress level in a sample of AWs. Participants (N = 40) were randomly assigned to either a VR immersion (i.e., experimental group, n = 20) or an audio immersion (i.e., control group, n = 20) of a shooting attack situation. We hypothesized that compared to controls, VR participants would report decreased anxiety, as measured using visual analog scales, as well as an increased sense of competence. The results showed a significant reduction in fear in both groups, d = 0.33, and an increased sense of competence in VR participants, d = 0.35. Although our hypotheses were only partially confirmed, the observed beneficial effects of VR and the audio immersion on stress levels in AWs suggest that VR exposure could be a useful way to increase resilience in AWs.

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Virtual Reality Applications to Address the Wounds of War

Cited by 36 publications

References 58 publications

Clinical Virtual Reality tools to advance the prevention, assessment, and treatment of PTSD

Clinical Virtual Reality tools to advance the prevention, assessment, and treatment of PTSD

What I have changed my mind about and why: public health and technology perspectives in the field of trauma studies

The Impact of Virtual Reality Exposure on Stress Level and Sense of Competence in Ambulance Workers

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