Virtual Prototyping for Robotic Fabrication of Rebar Cages in Manufactured Concrete Construction

Garg, Akash; Kamat, Vineet R.

doi:10.1061/(asce)ae.1943-5568.0000134

Cited by 14 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 21 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The remaining three clusters are construction automation and robotics, logistics, and sustainable construction. Construction automation is closely related to robotic technology and virtual prototyping [72,73]. Logistics is grouped with BIM and energy efficiency in a dark blue colour [60,74], while sustainable construction is grouped with off-site construction, which indicates that OSC is generally taken as a sustainable approach to building [75][76][77][78].…”

Section: Co-occurrence Of Abstractmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, VR can be integrated with AR as a mix reality (MR) [120]. The main limitation is that 3D objects in VR are identified as phantom models compared with the real-world counterparts, that is, an animation rather than real representation, therefore, critical information such as the level of quality achieved might be lost [72,[120][121][122].…”

Section: Virtual Reality (Vr)mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A Systematic Review of Digital Technology Adoption in Off-Site Construction: Current Status and Future Direction towards Industry 4.0

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Off-site construction (OSC) is known as an efficient construction method that could save time and cost, reduce waste of resources, and improve the overall productivity of projects. Coupled with digital technologies associated with the Industry 4.0 concept, OSC can offer a higher rate of productivity and safety. While there is a rich literature focusing on both OSC and Industry 4.0, the implementation of associated digital technologies in the OSC context has not been fully evaluated. This paper intends to evaluate the current literature of digital technology applications in OSC. Scientometric analyses and a systematic review were carried out evaluating fifteen typical digital technologies adopted by OSC projects, including building information modelling (BIM), radio frequency identification devices (RFID), global positioning systems (GPS), the Internet of Things (IoT), geographic information systems (GIS), sensors, augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR), photogrammetry, laser scanning, artificial intelligence (AI), 3D printing, robotics, big data, and blockchain. This review formulates a clear picture of the current practice of these digital technologies and summarizes the main area of application and limitations of each technology when utilized in OSC. The review also points out their potential and how they can be better adopted to improve OSC practice in the future.

show abstract

Section: Co-occurrence Of Abstractmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Virtual Reality (Vr)mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review of Digital Technology Adoption in Off-Site Construction: Current Status and Future Direction towards Industry 4.0

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Furthermore, during the prefabrication process, the efficiency of automatic production for PRC is not very high, so manual labor is still needed. In the future, VR (virtual reality) method could be used to improve the efficiency and customized flexibility [52].…”

Section: Limitations and Future Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cradle-to-Site Carbon Emissions Assessment of Prefabricated Rebar Cages for High-Rise Buildings in China

Jiang¹,

Li²,

Dong³

et al. 2018

Sustainability

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Construction industrialization is growing rapidly and has received significant attention worldwide in recent years. The industrialization of construction results in several benefits, including the promotion of sustainable construction and the development and application of prefabrication techniques. The Prefabricated Rebar Cage (PRC) is an emerging solution applied to high-rise buildings as a replacement of the In-situ Reinforcing Bar (ISRB) construction method. This paper investigates the cradle-to-site carbon emissions of PRC, and compares the results with those of conventional in-situ rebar construction methods for high-rise buildings. The cradle-to-site cycle is divided into three stages, namely, material preparation, transportation, and on-site construction. For the material preparation stage, it is found that CO 2 emissions are increased by 3% when using PRC due to the operation of machinery during the prefabrication process. In the transportation stage, CO 2 emissions are found to increase by 3.3 times for PRC, as there is more transportation required for PRCs than for conventional construction methods. During the on-site construction stage, the PRC method demonstrates its advantages by reducing CO 2 emissions by 44.7%, which is attributed to decreased hoisting frequency and lower mechanical utilization for fewer joining activities. Overall, CO 2 emissions can be reduced by 1.24% by adopting the PRC method for high-rise buildings, and it is therefore recommended to adopt PRCs for this purpose. This research studies carbon emissions of PRC and contributes to promoting the sustainable development of prefabricated building techniques.Sustainability 2019, 11, 42 2 of 29 carbon emissions [3]. Being aware of the seriousness of the problem, the Chinese government recently launched the "National Plan for Coping with Climate Change" at the United Nations (UN) Climate Summit held on September 23, 2015, at the UN headquarters in New York, in order to realize the target of reducing carbon emission intensity by 40 to 45 percent by 2020 [4].As a major contributor to carbon emissions, the Chinese construction industry consumes approximately 40% of total energy resources worldwide, and accounts for nearly 36% of global CO 2 emissions [5] and 40% of the global turnover of raw materials [6]. Concrete is an indispensable building material with a global average annual consumption of 1t per capita [7]; it is also recognized as a carbon intensive material. Cement, as the key ingredient of concrete, accounts for 5-7% of global anthropogenic carbon emissions [8]. In China, concrete accounts for the largest proportion of all construction materials. As a result, one of the key ways to reduce carbon emissions of the construction industry is optimizing the construction method of concrete building.Residential buildings dominate in the global building sector, and thus contribute prodigiously to energy consumption and carbon emissions. For example, residential buildings account for 63% of total energy consumption and 77% of carbon emiss...

show abstract

“…Feng et al (2015) developed a marker detecting algorithm for a mobile robotic manipulator to identify, grasp, and assemble the construction components. Garg and Kamat (2014) designed a robotic fabrication mechanism for rebar cages in concrete construction. Viscomi et al (1994) utilized a six degree-of-freedom Stewart platform crane-a threedimensional fully controllable manipulator-and an ATLSS connection to attach the rigging beam.…”

Section: Steel Beam Erection and Assemblymentioning

confidence: 99%

RAS: a robotic assembly system for steel structure erection and assembly

Liang

Kang

Lee

2017

Int J Intell Robot Appl

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This research focuses on a long-standing, yet critical problem in the erection of steel structures. In the current state of practice, steel workers must stand on an unfinished structure to assist with the assembly of structural elements manually. They must pull on the wire hanging under the rigging elements to align the bolting holes of the moving and fixed elements. This work is often performed in high places, which can be very risky. Therefore, we have developed a robotic assembly system (RAS) for steel beam erection and assembly to prevent workers from having to work in a high place. The RAS consists of four methods: rotation, alignment, bolting, and unloading. The rotation method involves a flywheel installed on top of the rigging beam, which aims to rotate the beam to the assembly angle. The alignment method includes both vertical and horizontal alignment. The vertical alignment relies on a camera and a marker on the column to align the beam altitude. The horizontal alignment relies on a specially-designed beam, which allows for it to be smoothly guided into the right position. The bolting method is used to connect the beam to a fixed element. We designed an additional guide hole above each bolt hole. The bolt can be inserted in the guide hole and slid to the bolt hole. The unloading method is used to unload the crane cable and the RAS. We use a pin mechanism for the beam-hook connection so it can easily be unplugged by a motor. The system is built in a scaled experimental construction site to validate its feasibility. The results show that the RAS can operate the assembly process without humans working at risky heights, and can complete faster than the traditional method. In conclusion, we have developed a robotics assembly system that can help reduce the frequency of accidental falls during the steel beam assembly process. The RAS adheres to the process of the current erection method and can be broadly introduced to existing construction sites.

show abstract

Virtual Prototyping for Robotic Fabrication of Rebar Cages in Manufactured Concrete Construction

Cited by 14 publications

References 21 publications

A Systematic Review of Digital Technology Adoption in Off-Site Construction: Current Status and Future Direction towards Industry 4.0

A Systematic Review of Digital Technology Adoption in Off-Site Construction: Current Status and Future Direction towards Industry 4.0

Cradle-to-Site Carbon Emissions Assessment of Prefabricated Rebar Cages for High-Rise Buildings in China

RAS: a robotic assembly system for steel structure erection and assembly

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About