Virtual power plant communication system architecture

Zajc, Matej; Kolenc, Marko; Suljanović, Nermin

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-812154-2.00011-0

Cited by 31 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…These monitoring systems collect and store data on consumptions in the cloud. These data are available to the operator of the VPP, as well as to the external regulators through an application programming interface (API), which is a scalable and flexible ICT configuration for VPPs [20]. The VPP control system that decides on the load, PV, and battery control is also located on the cloud, which has access to PV forecasting, the AEMO wholesale market, and the weather forecast application programming interfaces (APIs).…”

Section: The Proposed Architecture Of the Vppmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cost–Benefit Analysis of a Virtual Power Plant Including Solar PV, Flow Battery, Heat Pump, and Demand Management: A Western Australian Case Study

et al. 2020

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Achieving the renewable energy integration target will require the extensive engagement of consumers and the private sector in investment and operation of renewable-based energy systems. Virtual power plants are an efficient way to implement this engagement. In this paper, the detailed costs and benefits of implementing a realistic virtual power plant (VPP) in Western Australia, comprising 67 dwellings, are calculated. The VPP is designed to integrate and coordinate rooftop solar photovoltaic panels (PV), vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFB), heat pump hot water systems (HWSs), and demand management mechanisms. An 810-kW rooftop solar PV system is designed and located using the HelioScope software. The charging and the discharging of a 700-kWh VRFB are scheduled for everyday use over a year using an optimization algorithm, to maximize the benefit of it for the VPP owners and for the residents. The use of heat pump HWSs provides a unique opportunity for the residents to save energy and reduce the total cost of electricity along with demand management on some appliances. The cost-and-benefit analysis shows that the cost of energy will be reduced by 24% per dwelling in the context of the VPP. Moreover, the internal rate of return for the VPP owner is at least 11% with a payback period of about 8.5 years, which is a promising financial outcome.

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Section: The Proposed Architecture Of the Vppmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cost–Benefit Analysis of a Virtual Power Plant Including Solar PV, Flow Battery, Heat Pump, and Demand Management: A Western Australian Case Study

et al. 2020

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“…In charging mode, EV consumes power from microgrid; in discharging mode, the power is fed back into the microgrid, which overcomes the scarcity of the local generation and meets the total load demand. The power consumed and discharged by EV at the charging station is formulated in [26] and has been reproduced here as (8), (9), and subject to operating constraints of voltage and current limit as per (10) and (11), respectively.…”

Section: Energy Management In Microgrid With Vppmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Now, participating in EM stage I, the local DER aggregator inside the VPP commands the status update from the RES of the township project, including: EVSE "EVSE_Tnsp@VPP.net", solar facility "Solar_Tnsp@VPP.net", and wind facility "Wind_Tnsp@VPP.net". Based on EM Equations (5)- (9) and (22), the discharging incentive β i dis + γ i cyc , meteorological values of solar irradiance R S (t s , α) and average wind speed (w s ), the values of P EV_dis (t), C EV_station (P EV_dis ), P PV (t s , α), and P Wind (w s ) are updated in the DER aggregator. Therefore, a collective power of P non−dispatchable is estimated, per Equation (4) in Section 2, by the IEC 61850 client of the aggregator "Township@VPP.net", which is updated as P RES at the IEC 61850 server of the aggregator "DER_Non − Disp@VPP.net".…”

Section: Vpp Em With Xmpp Communicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virtual Power Plant Management in Smart Grids with XMPP Based IEC 61850 Communication

Nadeem

Aftab

Hussain³

et al. 2019

Energies

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Communication plays a key role in the effective management of virtual power plants (VPPs). For effective and stable operation of VPPs, a reliable, secure, and standardized communication infrastructure is required. In the literature, efforts were made to develop this based on industry standards, such as the IEC 60870-5-104, OpenADR 2.0b and IEC 61850. Due to its global acceptance and strong object-oriented information models, IEC 61850 standard-based communication is preferred for smart grid operations, including VPPs. However, communication models based on IEC 61850 present cybersecurity and scalability challenges. To address this issue, this paper presents an eXtensible Message Presence Protocol (XMPP)-based IEC 61850 communication for VPPs. Firstly, a full mapping of IEC 61850 messages for VPP energy management is carried out. Secondly, XMPP-based single- and multiple-domain communications are demonstrated. Finally, a federation concept has been added to facilitate communication in multi-domain communication networks. These models show that a standard communication model can be implemented with IEC 61850 and XMPP, not only for VPPs but other wide-area communication implementations in smart grids. This not only facilitates plug-and-play (PnP) with easy component additions but secures smart grid communication against cyber-attacks.

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“…For this to happen, software infrastructure and establishment of intermediary entities such as aggregators are required. The authors of [4] and [5] discuss a virtual power plant approach, using concepts similar to the one presented here. This paper presents a standards-based interoperable information system that supports activation and democratization of flexibility over public communication networks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Technical Backbone for the Democratization of Flexibility: Standards-based Demand Response Infrastructure

Keko¹,

Keserica²,

Sučić³

et al. 2019

2019 16th International Conference on the European Energy Market (EEM)

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This paper describes an open standards-based information system that can support the democratization and consumer empowerment through flexibility activation in the distribution networks of the near future. The paper outlines a software infrastructure focused on technical issues, closely following the OpenADR standard and the corresponding IEC 62746-10 standard. The infrastructure represents a communication backbone allowing the connection, registering, activation and reporting for different types of granular consumer flexibility. The flexibility sources can be very diverse -from controllable charging set points of electric vehicle chargers and district-level storages such as stationary batteries, towards taking advantage of comparatively large time constants of thermal systems in residential and commercial buildings. In the viewpoint of the proposed system, all these flexibility provisions represent distributed energy resources in a wider sense. The system thus offers interoperable support for consumer-level integration of different energy systems (electricity, heat and gas), and additional flexibility sources are made available to the electric power system, all the time keeping the user comfort and avoiding service disruptions. The paper outlines the technical infrastructure as a backbone activating new sources of flexibility, helping the further proliferation of renewable energy sources and establishing new market actors.

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Virtual power plant communication system architecture

Cited by 31 publications

References 20 publications

Cost–Benefit Analysis of a Virtual Power Plant Including Solar PV, Flow Battery, Heat Pump, and Demand Management: A Western Australian Case Study

Cost–Benefit Analysis of a Virtual Power Plant Including Solar PV, Flow Battery, Heat Pump, and Demand Management: A Western Australian Case Study

Virtual Power Plant Management in Smart Grids with XMPP Based IEC 61850 Communication

Technical Backbone for the Democratization of Flexibility: Standards-based Demand Response Infrastructure

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