Virtual Modelling of Prehistoric Sites and Artefacts by Automatic Point-Cloud Surveys

Abstract

This chapter presents laser scanner systems as a new method of automatic data acquisition for use in archaeological research. The operation of the equipment is briefly described and results are presented from its application in two Spanish archaelogical sites: Abrigo de Buendía (Cuenca), Atapuerca (Burgos). Together with these systems, point cloud measuring photogrammetric methods are revised. Photogrammetry has been widely used in heritage documentation and in no way is to be relegated by the new scanning techniques. Instead, Photogrammetry upgrades its methods by applying digital approaches so that it becomes competitive in both, operational costs and results. Nevertheless, Photogrammetry and laser scanner systems should be regarded as complementary rather than competing techniques. To illustrate photogrammetric methods their application to generate the Digital Surface Model of an epigraph is described. The authors’ research group endeavours to combine teaching and research in its different fields of activity. Initial data are acquired in project-based teaching situations and international seminars or other activities. Students thus have the opportunity to become familiar with new methodologies while collecting material for analytical studies.

Analysis Model to Optimize Ground Stations in Built-up Areas

“…In order to generate a quality mesh, this process includes other actions such as resampling and filling, and reducing the number of points and generating non measured points, respectively. In addition, the quality of the final 3D digital model can be analyzed comparing the raw data and the final mesh by using quality inspector tools (Farjas et al 2010). The 3D digital scenario and the 3D model can be exported in the required file format to achieve the established objectives (deliverables) in the planning stage, which corresponds to the final stages in the RE process, extracting knowledge and interpretation.…”