Virtual inertial support extraction using a super‐capacitor for a wind‐PMSG application

Hasan, Nor Shahida; Rosmin, Norzanah; Nordin, Norazah; Hassan, Mohammad Yusri

doi:10.1049/iet-rpg.2018.5655

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The ESS can also help to maintain the constant output power of WTs. In [70] and [71], a supercapacitor is installed in the DC-link of a WT for alleviating the power fluctuation. The WT with a supercapacitor can be seen as a combined wind source that is always operating in MPPT mode.…”

Section: Frequency Regulation Strategies For Wts and Esssmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of Frequency-Control Technologies for a VSC-HVDC-Integrated Wind Farm

Lin

2021

IEEE Access

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In modern power systems, the increasing penetration of renewable energy resources has reduced the overall system inertia. However, the intermittent nature of wind power generation reduces frequency stability, which is a crucial issue. Consequently, modern power systems require that renewable energy sources, such as offshore wind farms, support the frequency regulation. High voltage direct current (HVDC) systems based on voltage source converters (VSCs) are currently being used to connect wind farms with the main grid. By adjusting the DC-link voltage of the VSC-HVDC, a capacitor can absorb or release energy to provide frequency support. In addition, the VSC-HVDC system can coordinate wind farms to support frequency regulation and thereby achieve better performance. Thus, this paper reviews and compares various frequency-control strategies for a VSC-HVDC-connected wind farm. This work implements in PSCAD/EMTDC a simulation of typical frequency-control techniques to verify their effectiveness and robustness. Furthermore, this paper shows the advantages and drawbacks of each frequency regulation method. Other auxiliary services for supporting frequency regulation, such as by energy storage systems, are also discussed. Finally, this paper provides complete recommendations for frequency regulation techniques for VSC-HVDC-integrated wind farms.

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Section: Frequency Regulation Strategies For Wts and Esssmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of Frequency-Control Technologies for a VSC-HVDC-Integrated Wind Farm

Lin

2021

IEEE Access

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“…Integration of energy storages with renewable sources [37][38][39][40][41] Integration of wind generator with ultra-capacitor [37,39].…”

Section: Contributions Concernsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Contributions Concernsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To use saved kinetic energy of wind turbines with less challenges, coordination operation of the wind turbines and energy storages is utilized in the literature [37][38][39][40][41], which suffer some disadvantages. But Refs [37,39] do not give any solution to charge the ultra-capacitor to be ready to participate in case of successive frequency drop perturbations. As regards delivery of absorption of power with high rate is not cost-effective solution and lifetime limitation of the battery units is an important challenge of [38,41], the contribution of battery units in inertia response is not possible in real [42,43].…”

Section: Contributions Concernsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inertia Response Coordination Strategy of Wind Generators and Hybrid Energy Storage and Operation Cost-Based Multi-Objective Optimizing of Frequency Control Parameters

et al. 2021

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Due to the high penetration of renewable energy resources in microgrids (MGs), the grid inertia becomes low which leads to the grid to be vulnerable to large disturbances. The energy storage devices can play an important role to enhance the inertia of MGs. However, due to the high investment cost of storages or their dp/dt limitation, the installed energy storages cannot cover the challenge of high df/dt. A prominent solution to solve the problem is to use the inertia response of the wind generators. However, relatively high second frequency nadir is the main drawback of using the inertia response of the wind generators which may impose an extensive disturbance to MGs. Accordingly, a coordinated operation strategy for MGs between wind generator and hybrid energy storage (HES) system is proposed in this paper. In addition, to improve the inertia response of the MG; providing high-quality communication infrastructures with low delay and increasing the Ultracapacitor capacity have been paid attention. In this paper, the costs of the installed Ultracapacitor and quality of communication services are defined as the operation cost. Guaranteeing enough frequency damping for the MG with low operation cost are two conflict objectives. Therefore, a multi-objective optimization method is used to set the controllers' values and reduce the operation cost. The results confirmed that the effectiveness of the proposed strategy to control hybrid power storage in coordination with the wind generator and the frequency recovery process is improved. Also, employing the optimum values guaranteed the frequency damping effectively with low operation cost. The Integral Absolute Error (IAE) value and operation cost are reduced by 13.6% and 32%, respectively. Also, the simulation results show that the maximum MG frequency deviation and maximum df/dt is well compatible with different standards in the presence of load perturbations and different wind speeds.INDEX TERMS Microgrid (MG), Frequency control, Wind generator, Hybrid energy storage (HES), Ultra-capacitor, Inertia response, Multi-objective optimization.

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“…When using single battery energy storage system, it is difficult to respond to high power fluctuations. In order to optimize the battery energy storage system, a battery super capacitor complementary energy storage system and its control strategy [15], [16] are proposed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wind-Solar-Hydrogen Hybrid Energy Control Strategy Considering Delayed Power of Hydrogen Production

Li¹,

Qin²,

Cao³

et al. 2021

EEA

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In order to meet the load demand of power system, BP based on genetic algorithm is applied to the typical daily load forecasting in summer. The demand change of summer load is analysed. Simulation results show the accuracy of the algorithm. In terms of power supply, the reserves of fossil energy are drying up. According to the prediction of authoritative organizations, the world's coal can be mined for 216 years. As a renewable energy, wind power has no carbon emissions compared with traditional fossil energy. At present, it is generally believed that wind energy and solar energy are green power in the full sense, and they are inexhaustible clean power. The model of wind power solar hydrogen hybrid energy system is established. The control strategy of battery power compensation for delayed power of hydrogen production is adopted, and different operation modes are divided. The simulation results show that the system considering the control strategy can well meet the load demand. Battery energy storage system is difficult to respond to short-term peak power fluctuations. Super capacitor is used to suppress it. This paper studies the battery supercapacitor complementary energy storage system and its control strategy. When the line impedance of each generation unit in power grid is not equal, its output reactive power will be affected by the line impedance and distributed unevenly. A droop coefficient selection method of reactive power sharing is proposed. Energy storage device is needed to balance power and maintain DC voltage stability in the DC side of microgrid. Therefore, a new droop control strategy is proposed. By detecting the DC voltage, dynamically translating the droop characteristic curve, adjusting the output power, maintaining the DC voltage in a reasonable range, reducing the capacity of the DC side energy storage device. Photovoltaic grid connected inverter chooses the new droop control strategy.

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Virtual inertial support extraction using a super‐capacitor for a wind‐PMSG application

Cited by 14 publications

References 26 publications

Overview of Frequency-Control Technologies for a VSC-HVDC-Integrated Wind Farm

Overview of Frequency-Control Technologies for a VSC-HVDC-Integrated Wind Farm

Inertia Response Coordination Strategy of Wind Generators and Hybrid Energy Storage and Operation Cost-Based Multi-Objective Optimizing of Frequency Control Parameters

Wind-Solar-Hydrogen Hybrid Energy Control Strategy Considering Delayed Power of Hydrogen Production

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