1998
DOI: 10.5089/9781451846072.001
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Virtual Deficits and the Patinkin Effect

Abstract: The paper develops a model of inflationary finance that defines the fiscal deficit as a function of the virtual deficit-one that Don Patinkin (1993, p. 115) E CONOMISTS THINK of extreme inflation as an unstable process, the instability reinforced by the Tanzi effect-a decline in real tax revenues as inflation rises. But empirical evidence suggests a powerful effect that runs in the other direction through declining real spending levels-the Patinkin effect.

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Cited by 5 publications
(3 citation statements)
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“…Cardoso'ya göre Patinkin etkisini açıklayan bazı faktörler bulunmaktadır. Bu faktörler şu şekilde sıralanabilir (Cardoso, 1998).…”
Section: Kavramsal çErçeve Ve Li̇teratür Taramasiunclassified
“…Cardoso'ya göre Patinkin etkisini açıklayan bazı faktörler bulunmaktadır. Bu faktörler şu şekilde sıralanabilir (Cardoso, 1998).…”
Section: Kavramsal çErçeve Ve Li̇teratür Taramasiunclassified
“…The inflation rate might reduce real VAT revenues if there is a lag in collection, and this, in turn, might increase the inflation rate needed to finance a given level of government spending (Tanzi, 1977;Mourmouras and Tijerina, 1994). Alternatively, if the projected inflation rate underestimates the realized inflation rate, then real government spending may decline if programmed government spending is fixed in nominal terms, thus reducing the need to collect tax revenues (Cardoso, 1998). In this sense, the effect of inflation rate on fiscal balance depends on whether the effect on revenues is greater or lower than the effect on government spending.…”
Section: Conceptual Frameworkmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Unfortunately, Brazilian fiscal accounts weakened progressively. Inflation was not only a revenue source but was also a useful mechanism to control government expenditures in real terms during the high inflation era (Cardoso, 1998). This loss of flexibility, combined with a lack of decisive fiscal reform, implied rising public sector deficits.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%