Virological Study on Dengue Epidemic in Vientiane Municipality, Lao PDR, 1994.

Sisouk, Thongchanh; Kanemura, Kazumi; Saito, Mika; Phommasack, Bounlay; Makino, Yoshihiro; Arakaki, Shingo; Ma, Shao-Ping; Insisiengmay, Sithat; Fukunaga, T.

doi:10.2149/tmh1973.23.121

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Natural concurrent infection with dengue viruses may occur in highly endemic areas where different dengue serotypes have been transmitted for many years. Many cases of simultaneous infection by more than one arbovirus species in mosquito or human hosts have been documented elsewhere 5,9,12,13,17,26 , and our laboratory has already reported one case of dengue 1 and 2 co-infection in a patient with mild infection 23 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Molecular characterization of Dengue viruses type 1 and 2 isolated from a concurrent human infection

Santos

Bastos

Sallum

et al. 2003

Rev. Inst. Med. trop. S. Paulo

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In 2001, an autochthonous case of dual viremia, resulting from naturally acquired dengue virus DEN-1 and DEN-2 infections was detected during the dengue outbreak that occurred in Barretos, a city with about 105,000 inhabitants in the North region of São Paulo State. Serotype identification was based on virus isolation to C6/36 mosquito cells culture and immunofluorescence assays using type-specific monoclonal antibodies. The double infection was also confirmed by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Comparative analysis of the 240-nucleotide sequences of E/NS1 gene junction region between the genome of DEN-1 and DEN-2 isolates of the corresponding reference Nauru and PR 159S1 strains, respectively, showed some nucleotide differences, mainly silent mutations in the third codon position. Results of maximum likelihood phylogenetic analysis of E/NS1 gene sequences indicated that both genotypes of DEN-1 and DEN-2 viruses recovered from double infection in Barretos belonged to genotypes I and III, respectively.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Molecular characterization of Dengue viruses type 1 and 2 isolated from a concurrent human infection

Santos

Bastos

Sallum

et al. 2003

Rev. Inst. Med. trop. S. Paulo

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“…Currently, major environmental transformations are occurring in the periphery: what we call the ‘second urbanized belt’ has now became favourable to mosquito breeding. This view is supported by the 1994 study of Sisouk et al (1995) that reported an outbreak of DF/DHF for the first time in a rural neighbourhood (in Hatxaifong district) of Vientiane municipality. Historically, DF has been reported as occurring predominantly among urban populations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Spatial distribution and risk factors of dengue and Japanese encephalitis virus infection in urban settings: the case of Vientiane, Lao PDR

Vallée

Dubot‐Pérès

Ounaphom³

et al. 2009

Tropical Med Int Health

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Summaryobjectives To evaluate the prevalence of flavivirus infection in Vientiane city (Lao PDR), to describe the spatial distribution of infection within this city, and to explore the link between flavivirus seroprevalence and urbanization levels of residential neighbourhoods.methods A seroprevalence survey was carried out in 2006 including 1990 adults ( ‡35 years) and 1568 children ( ‡6months and <6 years) randomly selected.results The prevalence of individuals with previous flavivirus infection (i.e. negative for both DEN and JE IgM but positive for DEN IgG) was 57.7%, with a significantly (P < 0.001) higher prevalence among adults (84.6%; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 82.4-86.8) than children (9.4%; 95% CI = 7.2-11.6). The prevalence of individuals with recent flavivirus infection (i.e. positive for DEN and ⁄ or JE IgM) was 6.5% and also significantly (P < 0.001) higher among adults (10.0%; 95% CI = 8.3-11.7) than children (2.5%; 95% CI = 1.5-3.5). In terms of spatial distribution, IgG prevalence was significantly (P < 0.001) higher among individuals living in the central city (60.1%; 95% CI = 56.2-64.1) than among those living in the periphery (44.3%; 95% CI = 41.5-47.2). In contrast, seroprevalence of recent flavivirus infections was significantly (P < 0.001) higher among individuals living in the periphery (8.8%; 95% CI = 6.9-10.7) than in the central city (4.0%; 95% CI = 2.9-5.2). This association was also statistically consistant (P < 0.01) in multivariate logistic regression after controlling for individual risk factors.conclusions Our findings indicate that the level of urbanization of residential neighbourhoods influences the risk of flavivirus infection. The spatial distribution of flavivirus infection varies, even within a small city of less than 300 000 habitants such as Vientiane.

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“…The first case of dual infection with DENV-1 and DENV-2 was a resident in Vientiane, the capital of Laos, who was presented with mild symptoms of dengue, which were not severe enough to require admission [6]. Since then, there have been no further reports of dual DENV infections in Laos.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…DENV serotypes responsible for such infections in Laos were first confirmed in 1994, and a case involving co-infection with two DENV serotypes was reported [6]. Since then, larger epidemics caused by all four serotypes have occurred [7, 8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Co-circulation of the dengue with chikungunya virus during the 2013 outbreak in the southern part of Lao PDR

et al. 2016

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BackgroundDuring the 2013 outbreak, 4638 infection cases and 32 deaths have been recorded in the southern part of Laos. In recent years, the chikungunya virus (CHIKV) emerged in the part of the country bordering Cambodia. Dengue virus (DENV) and CHIKV are transmitted by common mosquito vectors. Both diseases have similar clinical presentations; therefore, CHIKV infections might go undiagnosed in DENV-endemic areas. Thus, rapid detection and accurate diagnosis are crucial for differentiating between the two viruses (DENV and CHIKV). In this study, we demonstrated that CHIKV and two serotypes of DENV are circulating in Laos. In addition, we encountered patients that had been concurrently infected with multiple DENV serotypes or DENV and CHIKV.MethodsPlasma samples were collected from 40 patients with suspected DENV infections during an outbreak between July and August 2013. The reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was performed to detect the four DENV serotypes and CHIKV using specific primers. Specifically, the complete envelope gene sequences of the viruses were sequenced and subjected to phylogenetic analysis.ResultsForty acute-phase plasma samples from patients with suspected dengue infections were tested for the presence of DENV viral RNA using molecular methods. Among the 40 samples, 14 samples were positive for DENV, 2 samples were positive for both viruses (DENV-2 and DENV-3), whereas DENV-1 and DENV-4 were not detected during the study period. We also encountered 10 samples that were positive for CHIKV. Of the 10 CHIKV-positive samples, 3 samples were co-infected by DENV-2, and 2 samples were co-infected by DENV-3. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the 2013 dengue outbreak in Laos involved DENV-2 genotype Asian I and DENV-3 genotype II. Moreover, the Laotian CHIKV strains grouped together with those isolated during outbreaks on the Indian Ocean Islands within the East Central South African genotype.ConclusionsThese findings revealed that two serotypes (DENV-2 and DENV-3) and CHIKV were detected. Furthermore, infection of multiple DENV serotypes and CHIKV was also observed in the 2013 dengue outbreak. This is the first documented evidence of co-infection with CHIKV and one of two DENV serotypes.

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Virological Study on Dengue Epidemic in Vientiane Municipality, Lao PDR, 1994.

Cited by 5 publications

References 7 publications

Molecular characterization of Dengue viruses type 1 and 2 isolated from a concurrent human infection

Molecular characterization of Dengue viruses type 1 and 2 isolated from a concurrent human infection

Spatial distribution and risk factors of dengue and Japanese encephalitis virus infection in urban settings: the case of Vientiane, Lao PDR

Co-circulation of the dengue with chikungunya virus during the 2013 outbreak in the southern part of Lao PDR

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