Virantmycin, a new antiviral antibiotic produced by a strain of Streptomyces.

Abstract

Virantmycin, a novel chlorine-containing antiviral antibiotic, has been isolated from Streptomyces nitrosporeus No. AM-2722. The active substance in culture broth is isolated as colorless needles by solvent extraction followed by high performance liquid chromatography on silicic acid. The molecular formula is C18H26NO3C1 (molecular weight 351) from the elemental analysis and mass spectrum. The antibiotic possesses antifungal activity and potent inhibitory activity against various RNA and DNA viruses.In the course of our screening program for IFN (interferon) inducers and antiviral substances from Streptomyces, we found that Streptomyces sp. No. AM-2722, isolated from the putrefied tissue portion of a pumpkin, produces a novel antibiotic possessing a potent inhibitory activity against both RNA and DNA viruses.') The antibiotic also shows weak antifungal activity. The antibiotic, named virantmycin, is a novel antiviral antibiotic containing chlorine. The structure of virantmycin has been reported elsewhere.') In this paper, we describe the taxonomy of the producing strain, and the production, isolation and physicochemical and biological properties of virantmycin. Taxonomic StudiesStrain AM-2722 was isolated from a pumpkin spoiled by microorganisms.The strain was cultivated at 27°C for 14 days on various media such as yeast extract-malt extract agar, inorganic saltsstarch agar, glucose -asparagine agar and tyrosine agar. Its morphological characteristics were ex-

Differential Antiviral Activity of Benzastatin C and Its Dechlorinated Derivative from Streptomyces nitrosporeus

“…Virantmycin, a carboxylic acid derivative of benzastatin C, has been reported to exert an effect on cell membranes that contain specific virus receptor sites and suppress replication at a very early stage. 3,4) Some halogenated compounds have been reported as potent antiviral agents. For example, chlorinated benzimidazole ribonucleosides have been known to exhibit potent activity against human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), with low cellular toxicity at concentrations that inhibit viral replication, while displaying weak antiviral activity against HSV-1, HSV-2, and RNA viruses.…”

Catalytic Aminohalogenation of Alkenes and Alkynes

“…[1][2][3][4][5] Some vicinal amines of non-natural origin have also displayed significant bioactivity, for example, chlorambucil, a chemotherapeutic agent that acts by alkylating DNA (Figure 1). …”

Screening of Antianaerobic Antibiotics and Anticoccidial Antibiotics from Microorganisms.

“…We studied various assay systems by a plate method and devised a Reverse layer method as shown in Fig. 2, which , Herbimycins 8) , Karabemycin 9) (4) Antiviral antibiotics: Virantmycin 10) , Virustomycin 11) (5) Antimycoplasmal antibiotics: 2'-Amino-2'-deoxyadenosine 12) , Cervinomycins 13) , Deoxyfrenolicin 14) , Frenolicin B 14) , OM-173 15) (6) Antianaerobic antibiotics: Clostomicins 16) , Luminamicin 17) , Lustromycin 18) , Thiotetromycin 19) (7) Anticoccidial antibiotics: Cytosaminomycins 20) , Diolmycins 21) , Frenolicin B *22) , Arohynapenes 23) , Fudecalone 24) , Hynapenes 25) , Xanthoquinodins 26) *This antibiotic was isolated during the course of screening for (5) antimycoplasmal antibiotics.…”