Viral protein-coating of magnetic nanoparticles using simian virus 40 VP1

Abstract

Artificial beads including magnetite and fluorescence particles are useful to visualize pathologic tissue, such as cancers, from harmless types by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or fluorescence imaging. Desirable properties of diagnostic materials include high dispersion in body fluids, and the ability to target specific tissues. Here we report on the development of novel magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) intended for use as diagnosis and therapy that are coated with viral capsid protein VP1-pentamers of simian virus 40, which are monodispersive in body fluid by conjugating epidermal growth factor (EGF) to VP1. Critically, the coating of MNPs with VP1 facilitated stable dispersion of the MNPs in body fluids. In addition, EGF was conjugated to VP1 coating on MNPs (VP1-MNPs). EGF-conjugated VP1-MNPs were successfully used to target EGF receptor-expressing tumor cells in vitro. Thus, using viral capsid protein VP1 as a coating material would be useful for medical diagnosis and therapy.

Self‐Assembly of Proteinaceous Shells around Positively Charged Gold Nanomaterials Enhances Colloidal Stability in High‐Ionic‐Strength Buffers

“…In this study, we have examined the feasibility of assembling proteinaceous AaLS‐13 shells around inorganic nanomaterials . Spherical gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are useful for drug delivery, for photocatalysis, as biological sensors, and as conjugation platforms for oligonucleotides and biomolecules .…”

Virus-Based Nanoparticles of Simian Virus 40 in the Field of Nanobiotechnology

“…There are a considerable number of studies taking advantage of such structural features to equip functional motifs on SV40 VNPs. For example, enhanced green fluorescence protein (EGFP) was fused to the N‐terminus of VP1 to visualize the behavior of SV40 VNPs in living cell; therapeutic Hirulog peptide was fused to the N‐terminus while targeting peptide was inserted into the HI loop or the DE loop of VP1 for targeted treatment of atherosclerotic plaques; human epidermal growth factor (hEGF) was chemically conjugated to the DE loop via the hetero‐bifunctional crosslinker SM(PEG) 2 for targeting cells overexpressing the EGF receptor . Also, the internal proteins VP2 and VP3 can be used to fuse cargo peptides and proteins.…”

“…SV40 VNPs have exhibited good compatibility in encapsulating nanomaterials with different components, shapes, sizes and surface properties. A series of nanoparticles (NPs) including CdSe@ZnS quantum dots (QDs), Ag 2 S QDs, gold NPs (AuNPs), citrate‐coated magnetic NPs (MNPs) have been encapsulated by SV40 VNPs through self‐assembly, with one NP core inside one VNP (Figure ). An effort to explore the NP‐induced SV40 VNP assembly mechanism found that there was a strong affinity between QDs and SV40 VP1 pentamers (K D = 2.19E‐10 M), which should play an important role in driving QD encapsulation in SV40 VNPs .…”

“…Scale bars, 100 or 25 nm (insets). Reproduced with permission . Copyright 2013, Elsevier, Copyright 2015, Elsevier.…”

Particle-Stabilized Fluid-Fluid Interfaces: The Impact of Core Composition on Interfacial Structure

“…For example, varying the ratio of linear DNA to capsid subunit of SV40 can be used to control size, shape, and stability of virus-like particles (Mukherjee et al, 2010). unrivaled flexibility in the lateral interactions between polyomavirus capsid subunits allows them to assemble on cores considerably larger or smaller than the native 50 nm capsid, while maintaining a regular subunit lattice, for example polystyrene beads of 100 and 200 nm (Figure 1B; (Kawano et al, 2015)), or the much smaller 8, 20, and 27 nm citrate-coated oleate-iron nanoparticles (Enomoto et al, 2013). …”