Viral infections associated with Kawasaki disease

Chang, Luan‐Yin; Lu, Chun‐Yi; Shao, Pei-Lan; Lee, Ping–Ing; Lin, Ming-Tai; Fan, Tsui-Yien; Cheng, Ai-Ling; Lee, Wan-Ling; Hu, Jen‐Jan; Yeh, Su‐Ling; Chang, Chien-Chih; Chiang, Bor‐Luen; Wu, Mei‐Hwan; Huang, Li‐Min

doi:10.1016/j.jfma.2013.12.008

Cited by 197 publications

(193 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…However, in one study, the age distribution was 9 to 11 months [3]. Because mycoplasma infection was common in preschool-aged children in our study, the onset age of KD may be slightly higher than in other studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

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Mycoplasma Infection as a cause of Persistent Fever after Intravenous Immunoglobulin Treatment of Patients with Kawasaki Disease: Frequency and Clinical Impact

et al. 2017

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BackgroundMycoplasma is a common cause of respiratory infections and may require differential diagnosis from Kawasaki disease (KD). In this study, we investigated the frequency and clinical manifestations of mycoplasma infection in patients with KD.Materials and MethodsMedical records of 375 in-patients admitted for treatment during the acute stage of KD, were collected, and reviewed retrospectively. Of these patients, 152 (40.5%) were also tested for recent mycoplasma infection. Patients with positive results (anti-mycoplasma IgM Ab >1:640 or cold agglutinin >1:64) were designated as the case group (n = 37, 24.3%) whereas those with negative results were designated as the control group (n = 115, 75.7%). Clinical findings of the two groups were compared.ResultsPatients in the case group were older than those in the control group (mean age, 48.2 ± 32.1 months, vs. 31.7 ± 21.7 months; P = 0.001). There were significant differences between the case and control groups in the changes in the extremities (78.3% vs. 57.4%, respectively; P = 0.031), and in fever duration (6.5 ± 2.5 days vs. 5.4 ± 1.5 days; P = 0.047). Of the 37 patients with positive mycoplasma testing, 7 (18.9%) had persistent fever even after the symptoms and signs of systemic inflammation (acute phase of KD) had been resolved. These patients were positive for mycoplasma infection during further evaluation of persistent fever, and all of them responded to macrolide antibiotics.ConclusionsWe found that mycoplasma infection is somewhat related to KD. When fever persists after resolution of the acute stage of KD, mycoplasma infection may be considered as a possible cause of fever in preschool-aged children.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

“…In KD patients, respiratory symptoms such as cough (69%), and rhinorrhea (58%) [3] are often observed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycoplasma Infection as a cause of Persistent Fever after Intravenous Immunoglobulin Treatment of Patients with Kawasaki Disease: Frequency and Clinical Impact

et al. 2017

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“…Several studies have shown that human bocavirus may play a pathogenic role in the development of KD using direct specimen tests from KD patients 10)15). The association with enterovirus such as coxsackie virus and KD occurrence also has been suggested from several case series 11)16)…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Evaluation of the Temporal Association between Kawasaki Disease and Viral Infections in South Korea

et al. 2014

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Background and ObjectivesThis study is aimed at elucidating potential temporal associations between the occurrence of Kawasaki disease (KD) and various viral infections.Subjects and MethodsWe obtained monthly patterns of KD from the seventh nationwide survey and viral detection data from the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention from 2009 to 2011 and evaluated temporal correlations between them for each month. The respiratory viruses detected using a multiplex real-time-polymerase chain reaction kit were influenza virus (A/H1N1, A/H3N2, A/H5N1, and B), adenovirus, parainfluenza virus (type 1, 2, 3), respiratory syncytial virus (type A, B), human rhinovirus, human coronavirus (OC43/229E, NL63), human bocavirus, and enterovirus.ResultsWe obtained data from a total of 13031 patients who were treated for acute KD from 87 hospitals with pediatric residence programs. During this survey, KD showed highest overall incidence in summer and winter seasons and lowest incidence in February and October. We received viral detection data for a total of 14267 patients. Viral detection was highest during winter and spring seasons. The most commonly detected virus was human rhinovirus (32.6%), followed by influenza virus (26.8%). The monthly incidence of KD showed significant correlation with the monthly overall viral detection (p=0.022, r=0.382). In particular, human bocavirus and enterovirus have significant correlations with monthly patterns of KD occurrence (p=0.032 and p=0.007, respectively) and influenza virus correlated with KD occurrence with borderline significance (p=0.063).ConclusionThe temporal association between monthly occurrence of KD and viral detection suggests the etiologic importance of precedent infection in the development of KD.

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“…15 Therefore, detection of adenovirus by PCR in the NP does not necessarily reflect disease. Similarly, adenoviruses have been previously detected in the NP of 2%-9% of patients with KD, 7,8,16 some of whom developed CAAs, 7 clearly indicating that detection of adenovirus in the respiratory tract does not exclude the diagnosis of KD. However, adenovirus illness also can mimic KD with prolonged fever, similar clinical features, and elevated inflammatory markers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Clinical and Virologic Characteristics May Aid Distinction of Acute Adenovirus Disease from Kawasaki Disease with Incidental Adenovirus Detection

Song

Kajon

Wang

et al. 2016

The Journal of Pediatrics

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Viral infections associated with Kawasaki disease

Abstract: We found that some common respiratory viruses, such as adenoviruses, enteroviruses, rhinoviruses, and coronaviruses, were associated with KD cases.

Cited by 197 publications

References 41 publications

Mycoplasma Infection as a cause of Persistent Fever after Intravenous Immunoglobulin Treatment of Patients with Kawasaki Disease: Frequency and Clinical Impact

Mycoplasma Infection as a cause of Persistent Fever after Intravenous Immunoglobulin Treatment of Patients with Kawasaki Disease: Frequency and Clinical Impact

Evaluation of the Temporal Association between Kawasaki Disease and Viral Infections in South Korea

Clinical and Virologic Characteristics May Aid Distinction of Acute Adenovirus Disease from Kawasaki Disease with Incidental Adenovirus Detection

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