Viral hepatitis in hemodialysis: An update

Bernieh, Bassam

doi:10.1515/jtim-2015-0018

Cited by 58 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 151 publications

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“…28 Early detection of HCV infection is also pivotal for the prevention of further spread of infection in vulnerable haemodialysis patients who experience multiple invasive procedures. 7,29 Biochemical markers for HCV infection in chronic haemodial- line with other reports, 12,30 serum aminotransferase values were less than 40 IU/L (eg, the study laboratory's serum aminotransferase upper reference limit) regardless of active HCV infection. It is therefore a common practice to rely on anti-HCV testing for the diagnosis of HCV infection in chronic haemodialysis patients.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

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Screening haemodialysis patients for hepatitis C in Vietnam: The inconsistency between common hepatitis C virus serological and virological tests

Duong

McLaws

2018

Journal of Viral Hepatitis

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Selecting the appropriate screening method and interval for the early detection of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in low-resourced haemodialysis settings is a challenge. The challenge occurs when patients are classified as HCV-RNA positive but negative to HCV-core antigen (HCV-coreAg), anti-HCV and genotyping tests. We aim to clarify the inconsistency between HCV-RNA, HCV-coreAg, anti-HCV and HCV genotyping tests in haemodialysis patients and determine the reliability of HCV-coreAg as a routine two-monthly screening strategy. Haemodialysis patients were tested every 2 months between 2012 and 2014 at the largest district haemodialysis unit in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, for aminotransferases, anti-HCV antibodies, HCV-coreAg, HCV-RNA and HCV genotype. HCV-coreAg and anti-HCV results were tested against HCV-RNA for sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV). All 201 patients participated in the study. The HCV-coreAg test performed better than the anti-HCV test for sensitivity (100% vs 31%), NPV (100% vs 90%) and accuracy (100% vs 90%). The HCV-coreAg and anti-HCV tests performed no differently for specificity (100% and 98%, respectively) or PPV (100% and 73%, respectively). Kappa values for HCV-coreAg and anti-HCV tests were 1 and 0.39, respectively. Early detection of HCV for the purpose of infection prevention requires a high level of sensitivity and HCV-coreAg performed better in our chronic haemodialysis population as a two-monthly screening method than routine anti-HCV testing. HCV-coreAg test is less labour-intensive with a higher level of accuracy in patients with low viral loads making it cost effective for low-resourced settings. Repeating genotyping may be required in HCV-coreAg positive patients with a low viral load.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

“…Diagnosing HCV infections in its acute phase is pivotal for providing prompt antiviral treatment to minimise the impact of the infection . Early detection of HCV infection is also pivotal for the prevention of further spread of infection in vulnerable haemodialysis patients who experience multiple invasive procedures …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening haemodialysis patients for hepatitis C in Vietnam: The inconsistency between common hepatitis C virus serological and virological tests

Duong

McLaws

2018

Journal of Viral Hepatitis

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“…5 Since the introduction of the vaccination in 1991, six studies have been conducted to estimate the prevalence of HBV in the UAE. [6][7][8][9][10][11] From the age of the subjects enrolled, it can be deduced that most of these studies included populations that have either not been vaccinated or are from the prevaccination era.…”

Section: Prevalence Of Hepatitis B Virus Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, it would be expected that the prevalence in the older population (>25 years) will be higher because they were born in the prevaccination era, however none of the studies provide prevalence rates by age group. [6][7][8][9][10][11] The UAE started the compulsory vaccination programme for HBV for all newborns in 1991; 13 all infants receive 4 doses of the vaccine at 0, 2, 4, and 6 months of age. 14,15 Moreover, all school students born before October 1991 were vaccinated by the year 2000.…”

Section: Prevalence Of Hepatitis B Virus Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis B Care Pathway in the United Arab Emirates: Current Situation, Gaps, and Actions

2019

EMJ Hepatol

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Introduction: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a worldwide public health problem. The last major review of the epidemiology and management of HBV in the Middle East was published in 2011. This paper aims to assess the current situation of the HBV care pathway in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), identify gaps in our knowledge and barriers therein, and recommend initiatives to be taken to improve the management of such patients. Methods: A literature search was conducted in PubMed as well as through free internet searches. Interviews and group discussions were held with key opinion leaders and HBV experts. Results: The national prevalence of HBV is estimated to be approximately 1.0–1.5%; however, prevalence is expected to be higher in those >25 years of age born before the introduction of the HBV vaccination programme. There is limited data on the burden of HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma in the country. Discussion: Awareness of various aspects of the disease is perceived to be low among the general population and medium among healthcare providers. There are several mandated national screening structures present; however, there are no country-specific HBV guidelines regarding diagnosis, linkage-to-care, treatment, and follow-up. Improvements have been made in the past 30 years in the UAE, evident through a decline in prevalence. The burden attributable to HBV complication and the coverage of screening and treatment remain unclear. Conclusion: Key stakeholders in all areas of the HBV care pathway must reduce morbidity and mortality in the UAE population, and interventions should be supported by research.

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“…Moreover, hemodialysis patients may require blood transfusion, frequent hospitalizations and surgery, which increase opportunities for nosocomial infection exposure [11]. Most frequent viral infections reported hemodialysis units are HBV, HCV and HIV [54]. These infections influence negatively the survival of the hemodialysis patients and those undergoing renal transplant [55].…”

Section: Hepatitis B and C Prevalence In Patients With Chronic Kidneymentioning

confidence: 99%

Emergence of New Epidemiological Hepatitis B and C Profiles in High Risk Groups in Latin America

Villar¹,

Cruz²,

Portilho³

et al. 2018

Public Health - Emerging and Re-Emerging Issues

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Latin America includes Mexico, the islands of the Caribbean and Central and South America, which possess a rich cultural and natural heritage. A narrative literature review was made to determine epidemiological hepatitis B and C profiles in high risk groups in Latin America, such as, drug users, hemophiliacs, and chronic kidney disease (CKD), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected individuals. Using data from international databases that disseminate published quality studies. All studies with desired information regarding site and study population were included. It was observed that HBV prevalence diminished in several groups, probably due to implementation of HBV vaccination in various Latin America Countries (LACs). On the other hand, HCV prevalence is high among high risk groups compared to general population, but different values were observed in LAC, probably due to different access to education programs, assays evaluated, population size and type of recruitment. Due to chronicity of HBV and HCV, it is important to increase access to diagnosis, HBV vaccination and implementation of education programs to high risk groups to diminish burden of these infections.

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Viral hepatitis in hemodialysis: An update

Cited by 58 publications

References 151 publications

Screening haemodialysis patients for hepatitis C in Vietnam: The inconsistency between common hepatitis C virus serological and virological tests

Screening haemodialysis patients for hepatitis C in Vietnam: The inconsistency between common hepatitis C virus serological and virological tests

Hepatitis B Care Pathway in the United Arab Emirates: Current Situation, Gaps, and Actions

Emergence of New Epidemiological Hepatitis B and C Profiles in High Risk Groups in Latin America

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