Viral Hepatitis and HIV co-infection

Andersson, MI; Rensburg, C. Van

doi:10.4314/sagr.v9i3.69667

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Today, the co-infection of HIV and viral hepatitis is a major health problem, with numerous social and economic consequences [25]. Co-infections of HIV/HCV and HIV/HBV in this study were reported at 2.9% and 0.5% respectively, which were lower than the reported prevalence in the previous study (6.4% and 5%, respectively).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 87%

Vulnerability of Homeless People in Tehran, Iran, to HIV, Tuberculosis and Viral Hepatitis

et al. 2014

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BackgroundHomeless people are at risk of contracting communicable infectious diseases, as they indulge in risky behaviours and lifestyle. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of the aforementioned infections and related risk behaviours among homeless people in Tehran.MethodsIn this study a convenience sample of 593 homeless individuals was studied. The ELISA method was used for the detection of HIV, HCV and HBV. Clinical symptoms, sputum cultures, acid fast bacilli smears, and chest X-rays were used to identify active pulmonary tuberculosis, and the Interferon Gamma Release Assay (IGRA) test was used to identify latent tuberculosis.ResultsThe prevalence of HIV, HBV, HCV and latent tuberculosis was 3.4%, 2.6%, 23.3% and 46.7%, respectively. Active pulmonary tuberculosis was found in 7 persons (1.2%). Injection drug use was an independent risk factor for HIV, HCV and HBV infections. Older people had a higher proportion of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection (OR: 2.6, 95%CI: 1.9, 3.7) and HCV positivity (OR: 1.7, 95% CI: 1.1, 2.5).ConclusionOur findings highlighted that much more attention needs to be paid to the health of homeless people.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 87%

Vulnerability of Homeless People in Tehran, Iran, to HIV, Tuberculosis and Viral Hepatitis

et al. 2014

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“…Co-infection of HIV with viral hepatitis is a major health problem that causes social and economic problems [22]. We found that the rates of co-infection with HCV and HBV were 48 and 32%, respectively.…”

Section: Hiv-1 Infection In Iranmentioning

confidence: 84%

CRF35-AD as the Main Circulating Genotype of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection in Iran: A Phylogenetic and Demographic-Based Study

Mozhgani

Ebrahimian²,

Gudarzi³

et al. 2017

Intervirology

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Finding the predominant circulating subtype of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and surveying co-infection with other infectious viruses are crucial to making preventive decisions. To this end, 50 Iranian HIV-positive patients made up of 37 men and 13 women were selected. Most of the HIV-positive patients (70%) were intravenous drug users (IDUs), and 48 and 32% of patients were co-infected with HCV and HBV, respectively. The rate of simultaneous infection with HIV, HCV, and HBV was found to be 6%. The p17 region of the gag and the c2-v5 region of the env genes were sequenced and then clustered by phylogenetic analyses. CRF35-AD was specified as the predominant circulating subtype among different high-risk groups. In our survey, most of the patients in the IDU group had co-infections with HCV and HBV. Some possible reasons for the increased transmission risk of HIV in IDUs could be low levels of education, poor hygiene and housing conditions, and limited access to health services.

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“…This is in contrast to Asia and sub-Saharan Africa, where vertical and early childhood exposure are more common modes of transmission, and the overall HBV prevalence is much higher. 27 The relatively low seroprevalence rate in our newly diagnosed HIV population (8.1%) probably refl ects the success of vaccination through the National Childhood Immunisation Programme (NCIP) and improvements in living standards compared to the region. 28 Nonetheless, hepatitis B chronic infection remains the most common cause of liver cirrhosis locally, 29 and it is crucial that all HIV infected patients who are not carriers and also not immune should receive vaccination.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Risk Factors and Time-Trends of Cytomegalovirus (CMV), Syphilis, Toxoplasmosis and Viral Hepatitis Infection and Seroprevalence in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infected Patients

Lim

Tan

Young

et al. 2013

Ann Acad Med Singap

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Introduction: Chronic bacterial, viral and parasitic infections contribute to the morbidity and mortality associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. This study investigated risk factors and time-trends of the seroprevalence of cytomegalovirus (CMV), toxoplasmosis and hepatitis A total antibody; and co-infection with syphilis, hepatitis B and hepatitis C among newly diagnosed HIV individuals in Singapore. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. A random sample of 50% of HIV infected patients who visited the Communicable Disease Centre (CDC), Singapore for first-time care from January 2006 to December 2011 were analysed. Results: Among the 793 study subjects, 93.4% were male; 77.9% of them were of Chinese ethnicity; mean age at HIV diagnosis was 41.4 years; and the mean baseline CD4+ T-cell count was 222 cells/mm3. The prevalence of sero-reactivity for CMV was 96.8%; hepatitis A: 40.9%; and toxoplasmosis: 23.7%. Co-infection with syphilis was identified in 12.3%; hepatitis B: 8.1%; and hepatitis C: 2%. Among those co-infected with hepatitis C, 73.3% of them were intravenous drug user (IVDU). Syphilis co-infection was significantly more common among men who have sex with men (MSM) (multivariate OR: 2.53, 95% CI, 1.31 to 4.90, P = 0.006). Conclusion: This study described the baseline rates of HIV co-infection with syphilis, hepatitis B and C in Singapore, and sero-reactivity to CMV, toxoplasmosis and hepatitis A. The increased rates compared to the general population may have important consequences for disease progression, response to antiretroviral treatment and long-term general health. Key words: HIV co-infections, Serology, Sexually Transmitted Infections

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Viral Hepatitis and HIV co-infection

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Vulnerability of Homeless People in Tehran, Iran, to HIV, Tuberculosis and Viral Hepatitis

Vulnerability of Homeless People in Tehran, Iran, to HIV, Tuberculosis and Viral Hepatitis

CRF35-AD as the Main Circulating Genotype of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection in Iran: A Phylogenetic and Demographic-Based Study

Risk Factors and Time-Trends of Cytomegalovirus (CMV), Syphilis, Toxoplasmosis and Viral Hepatitis Infection and Seroprevalence in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infected Patients

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