Viral Hepatitis Among African Immigrants with Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Minnesota: High Prevalence Yet Low Awareness

Udompap, Prowpanga; Moscoso, Carlos G.; Anugwom, Chimaobi M.; Kc, Mandip; Lim, Nicholas; Lake, John R.; Hassan, Mohamed A.

doi:10.1007/s10903-022-01400-1

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…Also, the abovementioned large sample size and long follow-up time allowed estimation of age-specific and sex-specific IR in our model, in contrast to previously published studies of patients with CHB with different origins or smaller cohort studies. 41 While some previous studies have consisted mostly of men, we have data of both sexes with generalizability to both populations. 5 , 24 Our findings may be generalized to other low-endemic settings, although noting the heterogeneity of African populations living with CHB after migration to the West.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Age-specific and sex-specific risks for HCC in African-born persons with chronic hepatitis B without cirrhosis

Kamal,

Ingre,

Stål

et al. 2023

Hepatology Communications

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Background: The international recommendations of HCC surveillance for African-born persons with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) without cirrhosis are divergent, probably due to scarce data on incidence rate (IR) for HCC. Methods: We assembled a cohort with prospectively collected data of Swedish residents of African origin with diagnosed CHB without cirrhosis at baseline from 1990 to 2015. Data from nationwide registers were used to calculate the sex-specific IR and IR ratio (incidence rate ratios) in relation to age, comorbidities, and birth region, using a generalized linear model with a log-link function and Poisson distribution. Results: Among 3865 African-born persons with CHB without cirrhosis at baseline, 31 (0.8%; 77.4% men) developed HCC during a median of 11.1 years of follow-up, with poor survival after HCC diagnosis. The mean age at HCC diagnosis was 46.8 (SD±14.7; range 23–79) in men. HCC IR exceeded the recommended surveillance threshold of 0.2%/year at ages 54 and 59 years in men and women, respectively, and at ages 20–40 years if HCV or HDV co-infection was present. African-born men with CHB had an incidence rate ratios of 10.6 (95% CI 4.4–31.5) for HCC compared to matched African-born peers without CHB, and an incidence rate ratios of 35.3 (95% CI 16.0–88.7) compared to a matched general population. Conclusions: African-born men with CHB without cirrhosis reached an IR of 0.2%/year between 50 and 60 years, and at younger ages if HCV or HDV co-infection was present. Our findings need further confirmation, and new cost-effectiveness analyses specific for young populations are needed, to provide personalized and cost-effective HCC surveillance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%