Viral haemorrhagic disease of rabbits in Mexico : epidemiology and viral characterization

Gregg, Douglas A.; House, Carol; Berninger, Mary Lou

doi:10.20506/rst.10.2.556

Cited by 88 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…At the same time, domestic populations from several countries in North Africa experienced RHD outbreaks [10]. In the Americas, the first outbreaks were recorded in 1988 in Mexico following the importation of rabbit products from China [11]. Nevertheless, Mexico is currently the only country that has managed to successfully eradicate RHD with the last outbreak having occurred in 1992 [11].…”

Section: Natural Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the Americas, the first outbreaks were recorded in 1988 in Mexico following the importation of rabbit products from China [11]. Nevertheless, Mexico is currently the only country that has managed to successfully eradicate RHD with the last outbreak having occurred in 1992 [11]. This successful eradication of the disease might correlate with the absence of natural populations of wild European rabbits.…”

Section: Natural Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…RHD causes important economic losses in the rabbit meat and fur industry and has a significant negative ecological impact among wild rabbit populations and indirectly on its dependant predators [2,11,15,16]. In Australia and New Zealand, where the rabbit is considered an important agricultural pest, as well as a major threat to the endemic wildlife flora and fauna [17,18], rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV) was soon considered as an agent for rabbit control [19].…”

Section: Natural Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The natural doors for viral entry have been suggested to be located in the upper respiratory and digestive tract [16,82]. In natural infections, the faecal-oral route is considered the preferential mode of transmission [10,11]. …”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, rabbits and hares are the only hosts for the RHDV and EBHSV lagoviruses, respectively. Other leporid species have been shown not to be susceptible to RHDV [11]. Additionally, several non-host species from the Australian fauna, including domestic, feral animals and wildlife, were assessed for susceptibility to RHDV.…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Rabbit haemorrhagic disease (RHD) and rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV): a review

Abrantes

Loo

Pendu

et al. 2012

Vet Res

336

452

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Rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV) is a calicivirus of the genus Lagovirus that causes rabbit haemorrhagic disease (RHD) in adult European rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus). First described in China in 1984, the virus rapidly spread worldwide and is nowadays considered as endemic in several countries. In Australia and New Zealand where rabbits are pests, RHDV was purposely introduced for rabbit biocontrol. Factors that may have precipitated RHD emergence remain unclear, but non-pathogenic strains seem to pre-date the appearance of the pathogenic strains suggesting a key role for the comprehension of the virus origins. All pathogenic strains are classified within one single serotype, but two subtypes are recognised, RHDV and RHDVa. RHD causes high mortality in both domestic and wild adult animals, with individuals succumbing between 48-72 h post-infection. No other species has been reported to be fatally susceptible to RHD. The disease is characterised by acute necrotising hepatitis, but haemorrhages may also be found in other organs, in particular the lungs, heart, and kidneys due to disseminated intravascular coagulation. Resistance to the disease might be explained in part by genetically determined absence or weak expression of attachment factors, but humoral immunity is also important. Disease control in rabbitries relies mainly on vaccination and biosecurity measures. Such measures are difficult to be implemented in wild populations. More recent research has indicated that RHDV might be used as a molecular tool for therapeutic applications. Although the study of RHDV and RHD has been hampered by the lack of an appropriate cell culture system for the virus, several aspects of the replication, epizootology, epidemiology and evolution have been disclosed. This review provides a broad coverage and description of the current knowledge on the disease and the virus.

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Section: Natural Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Natural Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Natural Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Rabbit haemorrhagic disease (RHD) and rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV): a review

Abrantes

Loo

Pendu

et al. 2012

Vet Res

336

452

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease Virus: Genome Organization and Polyprotein Processing of a Calicivirus Studied after Transient Expression of cDNA Constructs

Meyers¹,

Wirblich²,

Thiel³

et al. 2000

Virology

102

100

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Rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV) belongs to the family Caliciviridae. Studies on this virus are hampered by the lack of a convenient cell culture system. To study viral protein expression a cDNA construct containing the entire protein-coding region of the virus was established and used for transient expression studies. After metabolic labeling of transfected cells and immunoprecipitation with a set of RHDV-specific antisera a variety of polypeptides were identified and assigned to defined regions of the viral genome. The consensus sequences of already identified or putative proteolytic cleavage sites in the viral polyprotein were changed by the introduction of mutations into the expression construct. Expression of these mutated constructs and analysis of the protein patterns allowed us to identify novel cleavage sites in the polyprotein and revealed the first details regarding the order of polyprotein processing.

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Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease Virus: Identification of a Cleavage Site in the Viral Polyprotein That Is Not Processed by the Known Calicivirus Protease

Thumfart¹,

Meyers²

2002

Virology

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The positive-strand RNA genome of the calicivirus rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV) contains one long open reading frame (ORF) covering almost 95% of the genomic RNA. Translation of this ORF leads to a polyprotein that is proteolytically processed at eight sites. Site nos. 4 and 5 from the amino-terminus are located within the protein p41 and obviously belong to alternative cleavage pathways leading to p23/2 and p18 or p29 and p13. Seven of the eight cleavage sites were identified before and the flanking sequences fulfill the requirements of the known RHDV protease, so that it is very likely that all theses sites are cleaved by this enzyme. The last unknown cleavage site was no. 4, one of the two alternative sites within p41 that separates the nonstructural proteins p23/2 and the VPg precursor p18. Mutagenesis studies identified aspartic acid at position 936 and arginine at position 937 as the residues that flank the cleavage site. The sequence at the processing site is unusual for the RHDV 3C-like protease since other sites display glutamic acid or glutamine at the P1 site and glycine, aspartic acid, or threonine at the P1' site. Expression of a polyprotein fragment lacking the viral protease revealed that the newly identified site is not cleaved by the RHDV protease but by an unknown proteolytic activity.

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Viral haemorrhagic disease of rabbits in Mexico : epidemiology and viral characterization

Cited by 88 publications

References 2 publications

Rabbit haemorrhagic disease (RHD) and rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV): a review

Rabbit haemorrhagic disease (RHD) and rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV): a review

Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease Virus: Genome Organization and Polyprotein Processing of a Calicivirus Studied after Transient Expression of cDNA Constructs

Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease Virus: Identification of a Cleavage Site in the Viral Polyprotein That Is Not Processed by the Known Calicivirus Protease

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