Viral Etiology of Influenza-Like Illnesses in Cameroon, January–December 2009

Njouom, Richard; Yekwa, Elsie Laban; Cappy, Pierre; Vabret, Astrid; Boisier, P.; Rousset, Dominique

doi:10.1093/infdis/jis573

Cited by 77 publications

(118 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…A study conducted in Kenya reported 16.5% of severe pneumonia cases were RSV-associated, consistent with our findings [18]. The percentage of RSV positivity in Iran, however, was higher than in countries such as Cameroon (5.7%) [19] and Kenya (12.5%) [20], but lower than in recent reports from Latvia (33% to 57%) [21] and Turkey (37.9%) [22]. The rate of RSV detection varied over time in studies conducted in Iran, with low and high rates of 5.7% and 45.8% reported in 2007 and between 2009 and 2011, respectively (Table 1).…”

Section: Results Prevalence Of Rsv Circulating In Iransupporting

confidence: 90%

Prevalence of human respiratory syncytial virus circulating in Iran

Salimi

Tavakoli-Yaraki

Yavarian

et al. 2016

Journal of Infection and Public Health

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Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of acute respiratory infection during early childhood and is associated with a great burden on patients, parents, and society. While no treatment is yet available, results from recent phase 2 clinical trials of cell-entry inhibitors and RSV vaccines are promising. To prepare for introduction of these novel therapeutics, good understanding of its molecular epidemiology and continuous RSV surveillance data are necessary. This paper provides an overview of RSV prevalence and genotype distribution in Iran from 1996 to 2013. This meta-analysis includes 21 published studies. In total, 775 (18.7%) of 4140 respiratory specimens were positive for RSV infection. The male-female ratio of RSV-positive patients was 1.5:1. Significant peaks of RSV infection were detected during the cold season (November-March). RSV infection was mainly observed in patients <2 years of age. Phylogenetic studies showed that genotypes GA1, GA2, GA5, and BA co-circulated in Iran in 2007-2013. This review highlights the necessity of introducing standard molecular surveillance programs to inform the epidemiological, clinical, and pathological characteristics of various RSV genotypes. Improved understanding of the molecular epidemiology will be useful for development of novel RSV therapeutics.

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Section: Results Prevalence Of Rsv Circulating In Iransupporting

confidence: 90%

Prevalence of human respiratory syncytial virus circulating in Iran

Salimi

Tavakoli-Yaraki

Yavarian

et al. 2016

Journal of Infection and Public Health

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“…Figure presents the number of influenza‐like illness specimens and the rate of influenza positive specimens from October 2011 to November 2012 in Yaounde, Cameroon. As reported in two previous studies in Cameroon, our study shows a clear seasonal trend of the circulation of influenza viruses in Cameroon with peaks occurring from October to November. There was a low rate of influenza circulation from January to July with high numbers of suspected specimens.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Evaluating the performance of a rapid antigen test for the detection of influenza virus in clinical specimens from children in Cameroon

Kenmoe

Tchendjou

Tetang

et al. 2013

Influenza Resp Viruses

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The performance of SD Bioline rapid antigen test (RAT) was evaluated using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) as gold standard. A total of 718 nasal swabs, including 102 rRT-PCR positive and 616 rRT-PCR negative swabs, were tested. RAT demonstrates a sensitivity of 29·4% with a specificity of 100%. The positivity rate of RAT was highly associated with lower cycle threshold (Ct) values (P < 0·0001). The excellent specificity of the RAT allowed for the rapid identification of influenza cases. However, negative results should be verified by rRT-PCR test because of limitations observed in sensitivity.

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“…The incidence of co‐infections in paediatric positive results (21.7%) is marginally higher than described in other studies (11.3–20.6%), with previous studies also demonstrating lower co‐infection rates in adults (5.5%) . The high proportion of adenovirus infections presenting as a co‐infection has also been recently described amongst children with CAP .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

Respiratory virus detection and co‐infection in children and adults in a large Australian hospital in 2009–2015

Ching

Kotsanas

Easton

et al. 2018

J Paediatrics Child Health

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This study demonstrated a significant difference in the positive detection rate of pathogens and co-infections between the population groups. Adenovirus had a surprisingly high prevalence as a co-infection, especially in paediatric patients. Over the study period, rapid uptake of the test was observed, especially in adults. This raises concerns about how we can ensure that testing remains rational and is able to be provided in a cost-effective manner in the future.

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Viral Etiology of Influenza-Like Illnesses in Cameroon, January–December 2009

Abstract: We found that respiratory viruses play an important role in the etiology of ILI in Cameroon, particularly in children <5 years of age.

Cited by 77 publications

References 32 publications

Prevalence of human respiratory syncytial virus circulating in Iran

Prevalence of human respiratory syncytial virus circulating in Iran

Evaluating the performance of a rapid antigen test for the detection of influenza virus in clinical specimens from children in Cameroon

Respiratory virus detection and co‐infection in children and adults in a large Australian hospital in 2009–2015

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