Viral Diseases

Bruno, D. W.; Noguera, Patricia A.; Poppe, Trygve T.

doi:10.1007/978-94-007-2010-7_5

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…In this study, Atlantic salmon infected with S. parasitica exhibited external symptoms, such as fin erosion and hemorrhage, abdominal hemorrhage, as well as necrosis of the gills and gill covers (Figure 1). These symptoms were similar to the external symptoms, such as head, fin, and skin ulcers and necrosis, reported in previous studies on salmonid fish species infected with S. parasitica [46][47][48]. S. parasitica, which causes infection in fish, spreads to other tissues through circular or curved mycelia on the head or fins [18].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

The First Report on Saprolegnia parasitica and Neoparamoeba perurans Isolated from Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Reared in Korea

Kim,

Joo,

Woo

et al. 2024

Microbiology Research

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This study is the first report of parasite and fungal disease separated from domestically reared Atlantic salmon in Korea; the characteristics of the pathogens were identified, and histopathological analysis was conducted. Fungal and parasitic diseases were detected in Atlantic salmon and were isolated as Saprolegnia parasitica and Neoparamoeba perurans based on morphological and genetic analysis. External symptoms observed in Atlantic salmon infected with S. parasitica include fin ulcers and hemorrhage, abdominal hemorrhage, and necrosis of the gills and gill covers. The histopathological analysis results showed necrosis, hemorrhaging, and inflammatory cell infiltration in the abdominal muscles, while only inflammatory cell infiltration was observed in the gill covers. The clinical symptoms observed in Atlantic salmon infected with N. perurans included excessive mucus secretion in the gills, a dense amoebic presence on the gill filaments, respiratory distress, and opening of the mouth and gill covers after death. Through histopathological analysis, we observed lesions in epithelial cells, characterized by the proliferation of epithelial cells and the fusion of secondary lamellae. Numerous lamellae were observed to be attached or fused with each other. To ensure the successful establishment of the Atlantic salmon aquaculture industry in Korea, it is essential to swiftly quarantine infected fish based on the morphological characteristics of S. parasitica and N. perurans revealed in this study, along with the external symptoms of Atlantic salmon infected with these pathogens. Developing disease control strategies based on the findings of this research is imperative.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

The First Report on Saprolegnia parasitica and Neoparamoeba perurans Isolated from Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Reared in Korea

Kim,

Joo,

Woo

et al. 2024

Microbiology Research

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“…While a cause for the pancreatic loss was not evident microscopically, potential aetiologies include the release of soluble host inflammatory cell factors or bacterial products, as well as hypoxia due to alterations in blood flow. Pancreatic loss occurs in salmonid fish due to direct infection by the salmonid alphaviruses and infectious pancreatic necrosis virus, and can result in permanent stunting among surviving fish (Bruno et al, 2013;Dhar et al, 2017;Karlsen & Johansen, 2017). It is unknown whether the pancreatic lesions seen in catfish can result in similar reduced growth in fish surviving infection and secondary economic impacts over time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic variability of Edwardsiella piscicida isolates from Mississippi catfish aquaculture with an assessment of virulence in channel and channel × blue hybrid catfish

López-Porras

Griffin

Armwood

et al. 2021

Journal of Fish Diseases

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The bacterium Edwardsiella piscicida causes significant losses in global aquaculture, particularly channel (Ictalurus punctatus) × blue (I. furcatus) hybrid catfish cultured in the south-eastern United States. Emergence of E. piscicida in hybrid catfish is worrisome given current industry trends towards increased hybrid production. The project objectives were to assess intraspecific genetic variability of E. piscicida isolates recovered from diseased channel and hybrid catfish in Mississippi; and determine virulence associations among genetic variants. Repetitive extragenic palindromic sequencebased PCR (rep-PCR) using ERIC I and II primers was used to screen 158 E. piscicida diagnostic case isolates. A subsample of 39 E. piscicida isolates, representing predominant rep-PCR profiles, was further characterized using BOX and (GTG) 5 rep-PCR primers, virulence gene assessment and multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) targeting housekeeping genes gyrb, pgi and phoU. The MLSA provided greater resolution than rep-PCR, revealing 5 discrete phylogroups that correlated similarly with virulence gene profiles. Virulence assessments using E. piscicida representatives from each MLSA group resulted in 14-day cumulative mortality ranging from 22% to 54% and 63 to 72% in channel and hybrid fingerlings, respectively. Across all phylogroups, mortality was higher in hybrid catfish (p < .05), supporting previous work indicating E. piscicida is an emerging threat to hybrid catfish aquaculture in the south-eastern United States.

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“…The cardiomyopathy syndrome (CMS) has been reported in both farmed and wild Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar ) since the 1980s ( Amin and Trasti, 1988 ; Poppe and Seierstad, 2003 ; Haugland et al., 2011 ) It leads to infiltration of mononuclear cells in the subendocardium, and degeneration and necrosis of the spongious myocardium ( Bruno et al., 2013 ), which in turn can result in rupture of the atrium wall or sinus venosus and consequently sudden death ( Bruno and Poppe, 1996 ). The causative pathogen, piscine myocarditis virus (PMCV), tentatively assigned to the Totiviridae family, is a small, non-enveloped icosahedral virus.…”

Section: Plant-made Vaccines Against Viral Diseases In Farm Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant-made vaccines against viral diseases in humans and farm animals

Eerde

Rimstad

et al. 2023

Front. Plant Sci.

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Plants provide not only food and feed, but also herbal medicines and various raw materials for industry. Moreover, plants can be green factories producing high value bioproducts such as biopharmaceuticals and vaccines. Advantages of plant-based production platforms include easy scale-up, cost effectiveness, and high safety as plants are not hosts for human and animal pathogens. Plant cells perform many post-translational modifications that are present in humans and animals and can be essential for biological activity of produced recombinant proteins. Stimulated by progress in plant transformation technologies, substantial efforts have been made in both the public and the private sectors to develop plant-based vaccine production platforms. Recent promising examples include plant-made vaccines against COVID-19 and Ebola. The COVIFENZ® COVID-19 vaccine produced in Nicotiana benthamiana has been approved in Canada, and several plant-made influenza vaccines have undergone clinical trials. In this review, we discuss the status of vaccine production in plants and the state of the art in downstream processing according to good manufacturing practice (GMP). We discuss different production approaches, including stable transgenic plants and transient expression technologies, and review selected applications in the area of human and veterinary vaccines. We also highlight specific challenges associated with viral vaccine production for different target organisms, including lower vertebrates (e.g., farmed fish), and discuss future perspectives for the field.

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Viral Diseases

Cited by 3 publications

References 63 publications

The First Report on Saprolegnia parasitica and Neoparamoeba perurans Isolated from Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Reared in Korea

The First Report on Saprolegnia parasitica and Neoparamoeba perurans Isolated from Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Reared in Korea

Genetic variability of Edwardsiella piscicida isolates from Mississippi catfish aquaculture with an assessment of virulence in channel and channel × blue hybrid catfish

Plant-made vaccines against viral diseases in humans and farm animals

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