Viral association with suspended solids

Moore, Barbara; Sagik, Bernard P.; Malina, Joseph F.

doi:10.1016/0043-1354(75)90009-3

Cited by 79 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Failure to account for particle-associated viruses results in underestimation of the true virus concentration in environmental samples (Moore et al, 1975;Wellings et al, 1976;Bixby and O'Brien, 1979;Block, 1983;Farrah and Schaub, 1983;Rao and Bitton, 1987;Rao 1987).…”

Section: Methods For Enumerating Particle-associated Virusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Use as viral indicator Kott et al (1974) Chlorination Stagg et al (1977, Barbeau et al (2004), Coronell and Marinas (2004) Adsorption on particles Stagg et al (1977), Bixby and O'Brien (1979), Atherton and Bell (1983), Sakoda et al (1997), Dowd et al (1998) Moore et al (1975), Babich and Stotzky (1980), Sobsey et al (1980), , Schiffenbauer and Stotky (1982), Lipson and Stotzky (1983), Lipson and Stotzky (1984), Lipson and Stotzky (1985), Ohgaki and Mongkonsiri (1990), Sakoda et al (1997), Meschke and Sobsey (1998), Barbeau et al (2004) Montmorillonite Bitton et al (1972, Bitton and Mitchell (1974), Schaub and Sagik (1975), Babich and Stotzky (1980), Moore et al (1981), Taylor et al (1981), Schiffenbauer and Stotzky (1982), Lipson and Stotzky (1983), Vilker et al (1983), Lipson and Stotzky (1984), Lipson and Stotzky (1985), Dry dog food Moore et al (1975), Schaub and Sagik (1975) Wastewater solids, sludge Moore et al (1975), Gerba et al (1980), Ohgaki and M...…”

Section: Phagementioning

confidence: 99%

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Particle-Associated Viruses in Water: Impacts on Disinfection Processes

Templeton

Andrews

Hofmann

2008

Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology

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Studies have shown that viruses are frequently attached onto or enmeshed within suspended particles in natural water and wastewater and that this viral particle-association can impede disinfection processes in some circumstances. This article summarizes the current state of knowledge of the occurrence of particle-associated viruses in the aquatic environment and the reported subsequent impacts on disinfection processes. The intention is that this article will help guide future research and aid regulators attempting to address the disinfection of particle-laden waters.

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Section: Methods For Enumerating Particle-associated Virusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Phagementioning

confidence: 99%

Particle-Associated Viruses in Water: Impacts on Disinfection Processes

Templeton

Andrews

Hofmann

2008

Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology

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“…These investigations, as relevant to our study, indicate that bacterial cells adsorb primarily to positively-charged or anion-exchange sites on clay minerals. Adsorption of the tail-less phages at neutral pH by kaolinite, montmorillonite, sewage-containing water and numerous soil types also occurred, but at reduced levels (Boyce et al., 1981;Burge & Enkiri, 1978;Drewry & Eliassen, 1968;Koya & Chaudhuri, 1977;Moore et al, 1975). A recent report by Armon & Cabelli (1988), for example, confirmed that adsorption of tail-less baceriophages (i.e.…”

Section: S M Lipson a N D 0 A A L S M A D Imentioning

confidence: 65%

“…f2, 4X-174) (Burge & Enkiri, 1978;Goyal & Gerba, 1979;Moore et al, 1975;Schaub et al, 1980), clay minerals and soil systems have been studied extensively. These investigations, as relevant to our study, indicate that bacterial cells adsorb primarily to positively-charged or anion-exchange sites on clay minerals.…”

Section: S M Lipson a N D 0 A A L S M A D Imentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancement of Bacteriophage X-174 Plaques by Homoionic Clay Minerals

Lipson

Alsmadi

1989

Microbiology

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The incorporation of selected particulates or charged polymers into qualitative and quantitative assay systems has been found to increase virus specific infectivity. The purpose of this study was to identify a mechanism(s) to explain the effect of charged particulates upon plaquing efficiency. The clay minerals kaolinite (K), montmorillonite (M), with the bacteriophage $X-174 and its host Escherichia coli, were used as a model system. Enhanced bacteriophage infectivity (expressed as plaque-forming units) occurred at K and M concentrations in the agar overlay of 0-14-0.50 and 0.01-0.15 mg ml-l, respectively. A maximum increase of bacteriophage titre (to 180-230% of the control value) occurred at 0.18-0-20 and 0-06-0.08 mg ml-l K and M, respectively. Increased infectivity was related to the type of clay mineral and to the cation saturating the exchange complex in the order K homoionic (i.e. saturated with a single cation type) to Na+ > Mg2+ > K+ and M homoionic to Mg2+ > Na+ > K+. Enhanced infectivity of the bacteriophage was not related to the surface area of K nor to the external or total surface area of M. The increase of bacteriophage titre above that of the control was only minimally related to cation-exchange capacity, but was associated with the anion-exchange capacity of the clay. The increased plaquing efficiency is ascribed to the formation of high-density bacteria-clay microcosms which, in turn, modify bacteriophage contact and adsorption to the host cell.

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“…Initially, the organisms are sorbed rapidly to the solids biomass, followed by predation on the organisms by ciliated protozoa. Moore et al (28) have shown that enteric viruses are also transferred into the secondary biomass.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depletion of CD25+ T cells from hematopoietic stem cell grafts increases posttransplantation vaccine-induced immunity to neuroblastoma

Jing

Yan

Hallett

et al. 2011

Blood

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A multifaceted immunotherapeutic strategy that includes hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplantation, T-cell adoptive transfer, and tumor vaccination can effectively eliminate established neuroblastoma tumors in mice. In vivo depletion of CD4+ T cells in HSC transplantation recipients results in increased antitumor immunity when adoptively transferred T cells are presensitized, but development of T-cell memory is severely compromised. Because increased percentages of regulatory T (Treg) cells are seen in HSC transplantation recipients, here we hypothesized that the inhibitory effect of CD4+ T cells is primarily because of the presence of expanded Treg cells. Remarkably, adoptive transfer of presensitized CD25-depleted T cells increased tumor vaccine efficacy. The enhanced antitumor effect achieved by ex vivo depletion of CD25+ Treg cells was similar to that achieved by in vivo depletion of all CD4+ T cells. Depletion of CD25+ Treg cells resulted in elevated frequencies of tumor-reactive CD8 and CD4+ T cells and increased CD8-to-Treg cell ratios inside tumor masses. All mice given presensitized CD25-depleted T cells survived a tumor rechallenge, indicating the development of long-term CD8+ T-cell memory to tumor antigens. These observations should aid in the future design of immunotherapeutic approaches that promote the generation of both acute and long-term antitumor immunity.

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Viral association with suspended solids

Cited by 79 publications

References 4 publications

Particle-Associated Viruses in Water: Impacts on Disinfection Processes

Particle-Associated Viruses in Water: Impacts on Disinfection Processes

Enhancement of Bacteriophage X-174 Plaques by Homoionic Clay Minerals

Depletion of CD25+ T cells from hematopoietic stem cell grafts increases posttransplantation vaccine-induced immunity to neuroblastoma

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