VIP: A Python package for high-contrast imaging

Christiaens, Valentin; González, C.; Farkas, Ralf; Dahlqvist, Carl-Henrik; Nasedkin, E.; Milli, J.; Absil, Olivier; Ngo, Henry; Cantero, C.; Rainot, A.; Hammond, Iain; Bonse, Markus J.; Cantalloube, F.; Vigan, A.; Kompella, Vijay; Hancock, P. J.

doi:10.21105/joss.04774

Cited by 18 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…The data were processed using version 1.9.4 of the JWST pipeline (Bushouse et al 2023). Bespoke routines based on the VIP package were used for background subtraction, bad pixel correction after stage 2, and spectral extraction (Gomez Gonzalez et al 2017;Christiaens et al 2023). At the Spec2 stage the standard flat-fielding and fringe corrections from the JWST pipeline were used.…”

Section: Observations and Data Reductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MINDS. JWST/MIRI Reveals a Dynamic Gas-rich Inner Disk inside the Cavity of SY Cha

Schwarz,

Henning,

Christiaens

et al. 2024

ApJ

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SY Cha is a T Tauri star surrounded by a protoplanetary disk with a large cavity seen in the millimeter continuum but has the spectral energy distribution of a full disk. Here we report the first results from JWST/Mid-InfraRed Instrument (MIRI) Medium Resolution Spectrometer (MRS) observations taken as part of the MIRI mid-INfrared Disk Survey (MINDS) GTO Program. The much improved resolution and sensitivity of MIRI-MRS compared to Spitzer enables a robust analysis of the previously detected H2O, CO, HCN, and CO2 emission as well as a marginal detection of C2H2. We also report the first robust detection of mid-infrared OH and rovibrational CO emission in this source. The derived molecular column densities reveal the inner disk of SY Cha to be rich in both oxygen- and carbon-bearing molecules. This is in contrast to PDS 70, another protoplanetary disk with a large cavity observed with JWST, which displays much weaker line emission. In the SY Cha disk, the continuum, and potentially the line, flux varies substantially between the new JWST observations and archival Spitzer observations, indicative of a highly dynamic inner disk.

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Section: Observations and Data Reductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MINDS. JWST/MIRI Reveals a Dynamic Gas-rich Inner Disk inside the Cavity of SY Cha

Schwarz,

Henning,

Christiaens

et al. 2024

ApJ

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“…We first preprocess the data using the Vortex Imaging Processing software package (Gomez Gonzalez et al 2017;Christiaens et al 2023). We perform flat-fielding and bad-pixel removal and correct for geometric distortions by applying the solution in Service et al (2016) for observations after the NIRC2 camera and adaptive optics system were realigned on UT 2015 April 13 and the solution from Yelda et al (2010) for the archival 2012 observation.…”

Section: Keck/nirc2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of Elemental and Isotopic Abundances in Late-M Spectral Types with the Benchmark HIP 55507 AB System

Xuan,

Wang,

Finnerty

et al. 2024

ApJ

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M dwarfs are common host stars to exoplanets but often lack atmospheric abundance measurements. Late-M dwarfs are also good analogs to the youngest substellar companions, which share similar T eff ∼ 2300–2800 K. We present atmospheric analyses for the M7.5 companion HIP 55507 B and its K6V primary star with Keck/KPIC high-resolution (R ∼ 35,000) K-band spectroscopy. First, by including KPIC relative radial velocities between the primary and secondary in the orbit fit, we improve the dynamical mass precision by 60% and find M B = 88.0 − 3.2 + 3.4 M Jup , putting HIP 55507 B above the stellar–substellar boundary. We also find that HIP 55507 B orbits its K6V primary star with a = 38 − 3 + 4 au and e = 0.40 ± 0.04. From atmospheric retrievals of HIP 55507 B, we measure [C/H] = 0.24 ± 0.13, [O/H] = 0.15 ± 0.13, and C/O = 0.67 ± 0.04. Moreover, we strongly detect 13CO (7.8σ significance) and tentatively detect H 2 18 O (3.7σ significance) in the companion’s atmosphere and measure 12 CO / 13 CO = 98 − 22 + 28 and H 2 16 O / H 2 18 O = 240 − 80 + 145 after accounting for systematic errors. From a simplified retrieval analysis of HIP 55507 A, we measure 12 CO / 13 CO = 79 − 16 + 21 and C 16 O / C 18 O = 288 − 70 + 125 for the primary star. These results demonstrate that HIP 55507 A and B have consistent 12C/13C and 16O/18O to the <1σ level, as expected for a chemically homogeneous binary system. Given the similar flux ratios and separations between HIP 55507 AB and systems with young substellar companions, our results open the door to systematically measuring 13CO and H 2 18 O abundances in the atmospheres of substellar or even planetary-mass companions with similar spectral types.

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“…A stray light correction is applied with the standard pipeline to remove contamination produced by internal reflections within the MIRI detector arrays. Our reduction procedure was complemented with routines from the VIP package (Gomez Gonzalez et al 2017;Christiaens et al 2023), used in particular for enhanced bad pixel correction (performed after stage 2, yielding less spikes in the final spectra), and source centroid identification for faint targets (Section 4.4).…”

Section: Standard Pipelinementioning

confidence: 99%

MINDS: The JWST MIRI Mid-INfrared Disk Survey

Henning,

Kamp,

Samland

et al. 2024

PASP

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The study of protoplanetary disks has become increasingly important with the Kepler satellite finding that exoplanets are ubiquitous around stars in our galaxy and the discovery of enormous diversity in planetary system architectures and planet properties. High-resolution near-IR and ALMA images show strong evidence for ongoing planet formation in young disks. The JWST MIRI mid-INfrared Disk Survey (MINDS) aims to (1) investigate the chemical inventory in the terrestrial planet-forming zone across stellar spectral type, (2) follow the gas evolution into the disk dispersal stage, and (3) study the structure of protoplanetary and debris disks in the thermal mid-IR. The MINDS survey will thus build a bridge between the chemical inventory of disks and the properties of exoplanets. The survey comprises 52 targets (Herbig Ae stars, T Tauri stars, very low-mass stars and young debris disks). We primarily obtain MIRI/MRS spectra with high signal-to-noise ratio (∼100–500) covering the complete wavelength range from 4.9 to 27.9 μm. For a handful of selected targets we also obtain NIRSpec IFU high resolution spectroscopy (2.87–5.27 μm). We will search for signposts of planet formation in thermal emission of micron-sized dust—information complementary to near-IR scattered light emission from small dust grains and emission from large dust in the submillimeter wavelength domain. We will also study the spatial structure of disks in three key systems that have shown signposts for planet formation, TW Hya and HD 169142 using the MIRI coronagraph at 15.5 μm and 10.65 μm respectively and PDS 70 using NIRCam imaging in the 1.87 μm narrow and the 4.8 μm medium band filter. We provide here an overview of the MINDS survey and showcase the power of the new JWST mid-IR molecular spectroscopy with the TW Hya disk spectrum where we report the detection of the molecular ion CH 3 + and the robust confirmation of HCO+ earlier detected with Spitzer.

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VIP: A Python package for high-contrast imaging

Cited by 18 publications

References 42 publications

MINDS. JWST/MIRI Reveals a Dynamic Gas-rich Inner Disk inside the Cavity of SY Cha

MINDS. JWST/MIRI Reveals a Dynamic Gas-rich Inner Disk inside the Cavity of SY Cha

Validation of Elemental and Isotopic Abundances in Late-M Spectral Types with the Benchmark HIP 55507 AB System

MINDS: The JWST MIRI Mid-INfrared Disk Survey

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