Violent victimization as a risk factor for violent offending among juveniles

Sugar and spice and everything nice? Exploring institutional misconduct among serious and violent female delinquents

“…It is possible, for example, that misconduct behavior perpetrated by members of the study sample could have been partially a result of being victimized following their commitment to state incarceration. Although access to victimization information that occurred while the sample members were institutionalized was not available for the current study, examining the nexus between institutional rule violating behavior and institutional victimization may be as relevant "inside" as it is for research examining the offending and victimization link outside of institutional settings, particularly among adolescent populations (Lauritsen, Laub, & Sampson, 1992;Shaffer & Ruback, 2002;Widom, 1995;Widom & Maxfield, 2001). Although this aspect could not be addressed in the current study, this is an important future research implication to further the study of the institutional conduct of incarcerated female delinquents.…”

Victimization as a cause of delinquency: The role of depression and gender

“…Both Lauritsen et al (1991) and Shaffer and Ruback (2002) found significantly increased likelihood of victimization among juveniles involved in delinquent lifestyles, and they interpreted this as a routine activities process. Yet, the authors also found reciprocal effects such that victimization significantly increased delinquency, and neither study addressed potential causal mechanisms for this finding.…”

“…Individuals engaging in criminal behavior are more likely to be perceived as suitable targets and find themselves in environments lacking capable guardians and are therefore more likely to be victimized (Cohen & Felson, 1979;Mustaine & Tewksbury, 1998;Nofziger & Kurtz, 2005). Additional research has identified a reciprocal relationship between victimization and crime (Eitle & Turner, 2002;Lauritsen et al, 1991;Shaffer & Ruback, 2002). Yet, existing research has often failed to identify potential theoretical explanations of victimization as a cause of offending.…”

Experienced and vicarious victimization: Do social support and self-esteem prevent delinquent responses?

“…In terms of anticipated victimization, Allison, Adalf and Mates (1997) noted that adolescents who were worried about gangs, strangers, and racial tensions turned to substance use. Other studies have demonstrated that personal victimization and exposure to violence in the community are related to psychological problems, suicidal behaviors, aggressiveness, and personal use of violence (Cleary, 2000;Flannery, Singer, & Webster, 2001;Moses, 1999;Patchin, Huebner, McCluskey, Varano, & Bynum, 2006;SchwabStone et al, 1995;Shaffer & Ruback, 2002;H. A. Turner, Finkelhor, & Ormrod, 2006).…”