Violent Offending

A systematic review on psychological interventions for individuals with a history of offending behavior delivered by digital means

“…Risk-Need-Responsivity model (RNR) model is a widely used approach in criminal justice systems for assessing and managing the risk, determining the appropriate level of intervention, and targeting intervention areas that are most likely to reduce recidivism (Andrews & Bonta, 2010). Individuals with a history of offending behavior (IHOB) have, according to the RNR, two types of intervention target: (i) criminogenic needs, which are the individual's capable-of-changing factors that can directly impact the likelihood of the reoffending behavior and its' severity (e.g., substance abuse or criminal attitudes and beliefs); as well as (ii) non-criminogenic needs, which are not directly related to the criminal behavior (e.g., low self-esteem, attachment damage) (Andrews & Bonta, 2010;Landers, 2021).…”

“…However, non-criminogenic needs should not be neglected. While these needs may not directly relate to criminal behavior, they can negatively influence the individuals' ability to lead a stable and productive life, increasing the likelihood of criminal behavior and recidivism (Landers, 2021). Also, in line with the specific responsivity principle of the RNR model, the focus on personal strengths, characteristics, and needs is critical to remove potential barriers to participation and foster treatment success.…”