Violence and verbal abuse against staff in accident and emergency departments: a survey of consultants in the UK and the Republic of Ireland.

Abstract

Objectives-to determine the incidence of verbal abuse and physical violence in accident and emergency (A&E) departments and to discover the extent of provision of security measures and instructions for staff on how to deal with these problems. Design-A postal questionnaire. Setting-A&E departments in the UK and the Republic of Ireland. Subjects-Two hundred and seventy three consultants named in charge of 310 departments. Subjects and methods A questionnaire was sent to 310 A&E departments throughout the UK and Republic of Ireland, representing a total of 273 consultants in A&E medicine. After six weeks, a second questionnaire was sent to those departments that had failed to reply initially.Respondents were asked to indicate the annual number of new attendances, the department type (inner city/urban/country), and the number and type of standard security methods in current use. They were asked to try to assess their staffs' perceptions as to how safe or vulnerable they felt at work.All respondents were asked to enumerate, as accurately as possible, the number of episodes of verbal and physical abuse in the previous year from their records, to indicate the frequency of verbal and physical abuse, that is daily, weekly, etc, to identify the nature of physical injuries sustained, to indicate the types of staff most commonly in receipt of abuse, and which members of the public were most likely to behave in an abusive manner.They were asked to describe departmental policy for recording and dealing with incidents and to indicate if any legal or civil action had been undertaken by trusts to support staff and prosecute offenders. They were also asked to indicate why they thought abuse occurred and to give an opinion as to possible measures that could be taken to try to alleviate these problems if, indeed, problems of this nature were found to be widespread. They were also asked to indicate the effect that abuse had on staff morale. ResultsOf the 310 departments mailed replies were received from 233 (75%) departments, involving 219 (80%) consultants. Department types were given as follows: 53 country (23%), 50 inner city (17%), 117 urban (50%), two inner city/urban, and eight (3%) urban/country. Three departments did not categorise themselves.

Workplace Violence: A Survey of Emergency Physicians in the State of Michigan

“…In studies of physician experiences in countries outside of the United States, violence was found to be part of the workplace environment. [2][3][4][5] In a study done in 1995 of 221 hospitals in North America, the ED was the most common place in the hospital for violent incidents. This summary reported 42 homicides, 1,463 assaults, 67 sexual assaults, 165 robberies, and 47 armed robberies.…”

“…There are several older studies about the experience of physicians in the ED outside of the United States. [2][3][4][5] Violence and assaults have also been studied among ED nurses and other ED personnel, with the conclusion that there is a significant incidence of workplace violence intrinsic to the ED. 6-10 Emergency service providers have reported substantial and significant violent behaviors.…”

The Relationship Between Children's Threats of Violence and Violent Behaviors

“…37 In adult populations, threats have been identified as an important risk factor for the perpetration of violence and victimization from violence. Verbal threats are a common occurrence in such settings as the workplace, 38 departments of emergency medicine, 39,40 and psychiatric hospitals. 41 Health care providers are also at increased risk for interpersonal violence and threats of violence.…”

“…41 Health care providers are also at increased risk for interpersonal violence and threats of violence. Physicians, nurses, and other hospital staff, [42][43][44] emergency medical technicians, 40 mental health care providers, 39,45 and public health field workers 46 all frequently experience verbal threats associated with increased risk of interpersonal violence. Despite attention to the role of threats as a risk factor for interpersonal violence among adults, we know little about the relation between threats and interpersonal violence among children and adolescents, a population at high risk for violence perpetration and victimization.…”

Implications of the law on video recording in clinical practice

“…Especially in the emergency rooms, this is a growing problem [14][15][16]. Surveillance cameras are increasingly used to protect people and property.…”