Violacein: properties and biological activities

Durán, Nélson; Justo, Giselle Z.; Ferreira, Carmen Verı́ssima; Melo, Patrícia S.; Cordi, Lı́via; Martins, Dorival

doi:10.1042/ba20070115

Cited by 167 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Nearly 63% of commercially available drugs are directly or indirectly derived from microorganisms, plants and animals [23]. Several studies have reported the beneficial effect of violacein as an anti-parasitic, antitumor, and agent [1, 2]. Violacein is a potentially interesting therapeutic candidate as an anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor agent because of its effect towards antagonizing the pro-inflammatory cytokine effect.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Violacein inhibits matrix metalloproteinase mediated CXCR4 expression: Potential anti-tumor effect in cancer invasion and metastasis

Platt

Amara

Mehta

et al. 2014

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications

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Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2 and -9) play an important role in the tumor metastasis through cleavage of proinflammatory cytokines. Violacein a small molecule produced by Chromobacterium violaceum and has been implicated with anti-cancer effects. In this study we investigated the molecular basis of violacein mediated downregulation of CXCL12/CXCR4, chemokine-receptor ligand interaction. Zymography analysis demonstrated that violacein significantly inhibited the cytokine (TNFα and TGFβ) mediated MMP-2 activation in MCF-7 breast cancer cell line. MMP-2 plays a critical role in the secretion of inflammatory chemokine, CXCL12, involved in cell migration and cancer metastasis. ELISA analysis demonstrated that violacein inhibited the secretion of CXCL12 from the activated MCF-7 cells. Further, we show that MMP-2/-9 act synergistically at two distinct steps towards the membrane expression of the tumor metastasis chemokine receptor, CXCR4. Violacein efficiently downregulated the CXCR4 membrane expression through MMP-9 inhibition. Taken together, these studies demonstrate a unique anti-tumor mechanism of action of violacein through reduction of CXCL12/CXCR4 interaction. These studies could offer a novel venue for violacein in cancer therapy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Violacein has been suggested to exert various biological properties including anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, and anti-parasitic activities [2]. The complex ring structure of violacein renders it hydrophilic and thus with a potential to pass through the cell membrane with greater efficiency.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Violacein inhibits matrix metalloproteinase mediated CXCR4 expression: Potential anti-tumor effect in cancer invasion and metastasis

Platt

Amara

Mehta

et al. 2014

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications

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“…A number of potential virulence factor genes were found that may contribute to insect toxicity, including production of the pigment violacein (8), homologs of Mycobacterium virulence operons (9), nonribosomal peptide synthesis siderophores, hydrogen cyanide (10), type III secretion system-associated effectors, chitin binding protein, and secreted chitinases (11, 12). MWU2387 contains 15 probable chitinase genes, including four probable chitinase A genes and 10 endochitinases.…”

Section: Genome Announcementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Draft Genome Sequence of Chromobacterium subtsugae MWU12-2387 Isolated from a Wild Cranberry Bog in Truro, Massachusetts

2017

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“…Research on pharmaceutical applications of C. violaceum have been carried out since the 1970’s with reported production of antitumor peptides, compounds with analgesic and antibiotic capability [3-5], and synthesis of biodegradable polymers [6]. C. violaceum’s hallmark is the production of the purple pigment violacein that has innumerous therapeutic properties such as anti-tumoral activity [7]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of iron on the proteomic profile of Chromobacterium violaceum

et al. 2014

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BackgroundChromobacterium violaceum is a bacterium commonly found in tropical and subtropical regions and is associated with important pharmacological and industrial attributes such as producing substances with therapeutic properties and synthesizing biodegradable polymers. Its genome was sequenced, however, approximately 40% of its genes still remain with unknown functions. Although C. violaceum is known by its versatile capacity of living in a wide range of environments, little is known on how it achieves such success. Here, we investigated the proteomic profile of C. violaceum cultivated in the absence and presence of high iron concentration, describing some proteins of unknown function that might play an important role in iron homeostasis, amongst others.ResultsBriefly, C. violaceum was cultivated in the absence and in the presence of 9 mM of iron during four hours. Total proteins were identified by LC-MS and through the PatternLab pipeline. Our proteomic analysis indicates major changes in the energetic metabolism, and alterations in the synthesis of key transport and stress proteins. In addition, it may suggest the presence of a yet unidentified operon that could be related to oxidative stress, together with a set of other proteins with unknown function. The protein-protein interaction network also pinpointed the importance of energetic metabolism proteins to the acclimatation of C. violaceum in high concentration of iron.ConclusionsThis is the first proteomic analysis of the opportunistic pathogen C. violaceum in the presence of high iron concentration. Our data allowed us to identify a yet undescribed operon that might have a role in oxidative stress defense. Our work provides new data that will contribute to understand how this bacterium achieve its capacity of surviving in harsh conditions as well as to open a way to explore the yet little availed biotechnological characteristics of this bacterium with the further exploring of the proteins of unknown function that we showed to be up-regulated in high iron concentration.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12866-014-0267-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Violacein: properties and biological activities

Cited by 167 publications

References 45 publications

Violacein inhibits matrix metalloproteinase mediated CXCR4 expression: Potential anti-tumor effect in cancer invasion and metastasis

Violacein inhibits matrix metalloproteinase mediated CXCR4 expression: Potential anti-tumor effect in cancer invasion and metastasis

Draft Genome Sequence of Chromobacterium subtsugae MWU12-2387 Isolated from a Wild Cranberry Bog in Truro, Massachusetts

The influence of iron on the proteomic profile of Chromobacterium violaceum

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